CLASSIFIED WORD LIST
The present systematization largely follows that of Rick Harrison's Universal Language Dictionary (ULD)
(www.uld3.org/uld27/index.html)
Abbreviations
aj adjective
av adverb
pr preposition
pn pronoun
v verb
English Lingwa de Planeta Русский Deutsch Esperanto Novial Nederlands Sambahsa
ADPOSITIONS KONEKTI-PARTIKLA ПРЕДЛОГИ
about (pertaining to;
on the topic of) [pr]		 om про, о(б) von pri pri betreffende, over de
for (to benefit; destined for;
for the purpose of) [pr]		 fo для für por por voor, ten behoeve van pro
because of, due to [pr] por из-за, потому что wegen pro, kau~ze de pro wegens ob
by means of, via, per, with (using;
through instrumentality of) [pr]		 bay посредством mit, mittels per per door middel van, via,
met behulp van		 med
for (in exchange for) [pr] pur за, в обмен на für, in austausch für por, kontrau~ po voor po
of (owned by; belonging to;
associated with; = genitive) [pr]		 de   von, [Genitiv] de de van os (is declined)
of (containing the measured quantity:
"two liters of water") [pr]		 (de)   von da de met (nothing)
to, towards, at (moving toward) [pr] a, versu к, по направлению к nach, zu al a, vers naar, tot, tegen kye
in [pr] in в in en in in in
from [pr] fon от, из, с von de fro van ud
into, inwards [pr] inu в, внутрь in... Hinein, ins Innere enen en   in , kyin
out of, outwards [pr] aus из, наружу aus, von el ek   ex
inside, within [pr] inen внутри innerhalb ene     eni
outside of, exterior to [pr] ausen снаружи aussen ekster exter buiten exter
above, over [pr] sobre над ober, über super super boven super
under, below, beneath [pr] sub под unter, unten sub sub onder sub
on (resting on; touching the top or other surface of) [pr] on на auf sur sur op ep
near, close to [pr] bli возле, около bei, neben proksime al proxim dichtbij, nabij nieb ; claus
around, encircling, surrounding [pr] sirkum вокруг, кругом um cxirkau~ sirk rondom, rond, om (per)ambh
at (in the same location as) [pr] pa, she у, при bei, mit, um cxe che   ad, bi
through [pr] tra через durch tra tra (across, through),
trans (on the other side of)		 door per
before, in front of
(spatially) [pr]		 bifoo перед vor antau~ devan voor ant
behind, in back of, to the rear
of [pr]		 baken за, позади hinter malantau~ hinter achter apter
between, inter-[pr] inter между zwischen inter inter tussen, inter- inter
among, amidst [pr] miden среди, посреди unter, mitten in meze de midu    
before, prior to, earlier than [pr] bifoo перед bevor antau~ ante voor [pr], eer {archaic} pre
after (later than; in the future
of) [pr]		 afte после nach post after na [pr] pos
during [pr] duran в течение während dum [pr/cj] durant gedurende, tijdens unte
instead of, rather than [pr] inplas вместо dafür, anstatt anstatau~ insted in plaats van vice
except for, apart from,
excluding [pr]		 exepte кроме, исключая
ausser, abgesehen von krom exept behalve, afgezien van except, ploisko
besides, in addition to krome помимо, сверх ausser, zu... hinzu,
überdies		 krom krome   eti (adverb)
with (accompanied by) [pr] kun с, вместе с mit kun kun met con
without, with no ..., lacking [pr] sin без ohne sen sin zonder aun
OTHER FUNCTION WORDS OTRE GRAMATIKE WORDA
be (intransitive predicative
copula) [v]		 bi (bin, es, ve bi)   sein esti es zijn es
exist [v] existi существовать existieren ekzisti exista bestaan exist
become (begin to be;
acquire the quality...) [v]		 fa- становиться werden igxi deveni worden bih
cause (induce something
to be/happen) [v]		 kausi вызывать, причинять verursachen kau~zi fika veroorzaken cause
make, render (impart quality X to Y; e.g. "I make you happy") [v] mah cделать (каким-либо),
привести в какое-либо состояние		 machen igi fika maken -eih (suffix)
do, perform, engage in
(specified activity) [v]		 zwo делать machen, tun fari fa doen kwehr
have (possess /
be furnished with) [v]		 hev иметь haben havi, posedi have hebben, bezitten hab
there is, available ye есть, имеется es gibt estas     ter est
there is no, not available bu ye, yok нет, не имеется es gibt nicht [kein] ne estas     ter ne est
can (is/are able to ...)
[aux v pres]		 mog мочь kann, könen povas pove kunnen ghehd
should, ought to (is/are
expected/advised to ...) [aux v pres]		 gai следует, полагается soll, sollen devus deve   dehlgiet, solliet
be necessary, require treba надо, нужно brauchen necesas, bezone     tehrb
maybe, perhaps, possibly [av] mogbi, shayad может быть, наверно vielleicht eble forsan, poves misschien, mogelijk maghses
this (demonstrative) [pn] se это das, dies tio cxi dise   tod
that (demonstrative) [pn] to то das tio te, tum dat cid
this (demonstrative) [aj/pn] sey этот dieser cxi tiu disi deze [masc/fem],
dit [neut]		 tod
that (demonstrative) [aj/pn] toy тот jener tiu ti   cid (cio)
               
and, plus [cj] e и und kaj e en ed
but, however [cj] bat но aber sed ma maar bet
if (on condition that...;
supposing that...) [cj]		 si если wenn se si als, indien sei
or [cj] o (oda) или oder au~ o of au
that (e.g. "I know that you
are right") [cj]		 ke что (относит.) dass ke ke dat od
additionally, moreover [av] yoshi ещё, также, вдобавок noch plie, plue, ankorau~ ankore   eti
also, additionally, too [av] toshi тоже auch ankau~ anke ook yaschi
here (in/to this place) [av] hir, ahir здесь, сюда hier cxi tie, cxi tien hir, dislok hier her, hetro
there (at/to that place) [av] dar, adar там, туда da tie, tien dar, tilok daar ter, tetro
               
               
apart, separately [av] separem отдельно einzeln aparte, dise separatim afzonderlijk, apart seni, apart
only, solely, exclusively [av] sol только nur sole, ekskluzive solim alleen tik
together [av] pa hunta вместе miteinander, zusammen kune junktim samen com
any (no particular one of) [aj] eni любой, какой бы то
ни было		 jeder beliebige ajna irgi enig, ieder quodquid
every, each [aj] kada каждый jeder cxiu chaki ieder, elk cada ; ielg
how? (in what manner?) [av] komo как wie kiel quam   kam
when? (at what time?) [av] wen когда wenn kiam quand wanneer quan(do)
where? (at/to what place?) [av] wo где wo kie, kien vor waar quer
why? (for what reason?) [av] way почему warum kial pro quo waarom ma
like, similar to [cj] kom словно wie simila al kom zoals, als kam
than, compared to [cj] kem чем als, im Vergleich zu ol [cj] kam dan quem
not [av] bu не nicht ne non niet ne
PEOPLE JEN ЛЮДИ
person, human being jen человек Person, Human, Mensch homo home mens anghen
baby, infant bebi дитя Kind, Baby bebo infante (-o, -a) zuigeling baby
child kinda ребёнок Kind infano   kind magv
boy boy мальчик Junge knabo puero jongen pwarn
girl gela девочка Mädchen knabino puera meisje pieg
man (adult male person) man мужчина Mann viro homo man wir
woman (adult female person) gina женщина Frau virino homa, fema vrouw gwen(a)
               
family familia семья Familie familio familie familie familia
father (dad) patra (papa) отец (папа) Vater patro patro vader pater
mother (mommy) mata (mama) мать (мама) Mutter patrino matra moeder mater
marriage (spousal relationship) gama супружество Heirat edzeco mariteso huwelijk gham
husband gamiman муж Mann edzo marito echtgenoot mann
wife gamigina жена Frau edzino marita vrouw esor, gvibh
son son сын Sohn filo filio zoon son
daughter docha дочь Tochter filino filia dochter dugter
brother brata брат Bruder frato fratro broer brater
sister sista сестра Schwester fratino fratra zuster swes(ter)
grandmother oma бабушка Großmutter avino ava grootmoeder grandmater
grandfather opa дедушка Großvater avo avo grootvader grandpater
grandchild kinkinda внук/внучка Kindeskind   nepote kleinkind grandpurt
grandson kinson внук Enkel nepo nepoto kleinzoon napter
granddaughter kindocha внучка Enkelin nepino nepota kleindochter naptrice
               
chief, leader shefa начальник, шеф Führer estro chefe chef, hoofdman chef
king rego король König regxo rego koning roy
queen regina королева Königin regxino rega koningin rayn
president presidenta президент Präsident prezidento presidante president president
prime minister shefminista премьер-министр Ministerpräsident cxefministro primi ministre (-o, -a) minister-president premier (minister)
dictator, tyrant diktator, tiran диктатор, тиран Diktator, Tyrann diktatoro, tirano tirane (-o, -a) dictator dictator, tyrann
master, lord masta хозяин Gebieter, Herr majstro, lordo, mosxto mastre (master), sinioro (lord) heer mayster
slave gulam раб Sklav sklavo sklave (-o, -a) slaaf sclav
soldier soldata солдат Soldat soldato soldato soldaat soldat
ambassador dashi, sendijen посол Botschafter ambasadoro, ambasedestro ambasadere ambassadeur ambassador
member (of group/organization) yuan член (группы) Mitglied ano membre lid member
               
friend amiga друг Freund amiko amike (-o, -a) vriend prient
enemy dushman враг Feind malamiko enemike vijand peind
TITLES LATIF ADRESING ВЕЖЛИВЫЕ ОБРАЩЕНИЯ
Mister, Mr. sinior господин Herr sinjoro sinioro meneer poti
Mrs. madam госпожа Frau sinjorino siniorina Mevrouw potnia
Miss mis барышня Fraülein frau~lino damsela juffrouw potnika
GROUPINGS OF PEOPLE JEN GRUPA ОБЪЕДИНЕНИЯ ЛЮДЕЙ
people (any group as a
whole), folk		 jenta люди Leute, Menschen homoj homes lieden leuds
club, society (voluntary
association re: a common interest)		 kluba клуб Klub klubo, asocio klube club, vereniging club
committee (group appointed
to do a task)		 komitee комитет Ausschuss, Komitee komitato komite comite comitee
community (individuals
sharing space / culture)		 komunitaa сообщество Gemeinshaft, Gemeinde komunumo   gemeenschap,
bevolkingsgroep		 communitat
culture (the customs and
beliefs of a people)		 kultura культура Kultur kulturo kulture cultuur culture
individual (one considered separately from one's
species)		 individu индивид Individuum unuopulo, individuo individu individu individu
kin, clan genta род,
этническая общность		 Gens gento     genti
public publika публика Publikum publiko publikum publiek public
the people
(as in People's Republic)		 jenmin народ Volk popolo popule volk folk ; popule
race (group of people with
similar characteristics)		 rasa раса Rasse raso rase ras race
team, crew, squad tim команда, группа Mannschaft, Team teamo   ploeg, groep, team swoin
BODY PARTS, SUBSTANCES KORPA ТЕЛО
abdomen duza живот Unterleib abdomeno abdomene buik abdomen
anus anus анус After anuso   anus anus, pehzd
arm (shoulder to hand) braka рука (до кисти) Arm brako brakie {1928 version},
brase {1930 version}		 arm brakh
back (dorsal area) bey спина Rücken dorso dorse rug regv
beard barba борода Bart barbo barbe baard berd
blood hema кровь Blut sango sange bloed sehrg
body korpa тело Körper korpo korpore lichaam corp(o)s
bone osta кость Knochen, Bein osto ose bot ost
brain brein мозг Hirn cerbo serebre hersenen kers
breast, mammary mam грудь (женская) Busen mamo mame borst pizd
buttocks popa зад, ягодицы Hinterbacken [plur] gluteoj kule bil cloins
cheek (side of face below eye) wanga щека Backe vango vange wang gian
chest (upper front of torso) sina грудь Brust brusto pektore, bruste borst pect
chin chibuk подбородок Kinn mentono mentone kin mantu
ear aur ухо Ohr orelo orele oor aur
egg ovo яйцо Ei ovo ove ei oiv
eye oko глаз Auge okulo okule oog ok
eyelid palak веко Lid palpebro   ooglid (ok)lid
face fas лицо Gesicht vizagxo fasie gezicht lige, face
feather pluma перо Feder plumo plume veer ptor
feces, dung, excrement fek кал, экскременты Mist, Dung fekajxo feke ontlasting, faeces kakwrnt
fetus (foetus), embryo embrio зародыш Leibesfrucht feto, embrio fete, embrio foetus embryo
finger finga палец Finger fingro fingre vinger fingher
fist kulak кулак Faust pugno pugne vuist peungst
foot (on which something stands) peda стопа Fuss piedo pede voet ped
forehead frenta лоб Stirn frunto fronte voorhoofd chol, bruwent
gene gen ген Gen geno   gen gene
hair (a strand of fibrous material
growing from the body)		 mao шерсть Haar haro pile haar drigh
hair (the hairs atop one's head
thought of as a collective entity)		 har волосы (на голове) Haare hararo hare haar kays
hand handa кисть руки Hand mano manu hand hand
head kapa голова Kopf kapo kape hoofd cap
heart (coronary muscle) kordia сердце Herz koro kordie hart kerd
heel topuk пятка Ferse kalkano talone hiel  
hip   бедро Schenkel kokso hanche dij hank
horn (bone-like growth from
animal's head)		 korna рог Horn korno korne hoorn horn
intestines, gut(s), viscera antra, antratot кишка, кишечник Darm, Gedärme intesto, intestaro intestines ingewanden inster
iris (of eye) iris радужка Iris iriso iris iris iris
jaw jabra челюсть Kiefer makzelo   kakement ghyanu
kidney nefra почка (орган) Niere reno rene nier nugver
knee genu колено Knie genuo genu knie genu
leg gamba нога Bein kruro, gambo gambe been jamb
lip laba губа Lippe lipo labie lip lip
liver hepata печень Leber hepato   lever lyekwrnt
lung pulmon лёгкое Lunge pulmo lung long pulmon, lyung
meat, flesh masu мясо, плоть Fleisch karno karne vlees miems
mouth muh рот Mund busxo boke mond stohm
muscle muskula мускул Muskel muskolo muskle spier muscle
nail (fingernail) naka ноготь, коготь Nagel ungo ungle nagel onkh
navel nabla пуп Nabel umbiliko nable navel nabh
neck galsa шея Hals kolo, nuko kole nek coll
nerve nerva нерв Nerv nervo nerve zenuw nerv
nose nos нос Nase nazo nase neus nas
organ (of body) organ орган Organ organo organe orgaan organ, mems
palm (of hand) pama ладонь Handfläche manplato palme handpalm pam
penis penis пенис Penis peniso   penis penis
shell shel раковина, скорлупа Schale sxelo, konko shele dop kiaut; squam
shoulder plecha плечо Schulter sxultro shultre schouder oms
skeleton skelet скелет Gerippe skeleto, ostaro skelete skelet skeletum
skin derma кожа Haut hau~to pele huid cuit
spine, backbone spina позвоночник Wirbelsäule spino, vertebraro spine ruggegraat spina
stomach stomak желудок Magen stomako stomake maag stomak
sweat, perspiration sudor пот Schweiss sxvito sudore zweet swoid
tail kauda хвост Schwanz vosto kaude staart swayp
tear(drop(s)) larma слеза Träne larmo(j) lakrime traan dakru
testicle testikla яичко Hode testiko testikle teelbal, bal orghi
throat gorla горло Kehle gorgxo guture keel gurgule
thumb granfinga большой палец Daumen dikfingro, *polekso puse duim pallex
toe pedafinga палец ноги Zehe piedfingro pedefingre teen doik
tongue (body-part) lisan язык Zunge lango lange, tunge tong lingua, dingw
tooth denta зуб Zahn dento dente tand dent
urine urina моча Harn, Urin urino urine urine urine
vagina vagina вагина Scheide vagino   vagina wagin
vein, blood vessel vena вена Vene vejno veine ader darz
waist talia талия Taille talio talie middel, taille lendv
wing (of bird etc.) ala крыло Flügel flugilo ale vleugel pterg
wound wunda рана Wunde vundo vunde wond vurnos
wrist polsa запястье Handgelenk manartiko, manradiko   pols runc
               
berry (small pulpy fruit) beri ягода Beere bero bere bes ber
bud (of flower/leaf) yema почка Keim burgxono burjone knop, kiem spreug
flower flor цветок Blume floro flore bloem flor
fruit fruta фрукт Frucht frukto frukte vrucht fruit
leaf lif лист Blatt folio folie blad fel (phel)
nut (hard-shelled fruit/seed
with  separable shell and kernel)		 nuta орех Nuss nukso nutete noot nuce
pod (seed pod)   стручок Hülse semujo   dop clob
root (of a plant) riza корень Wurzel radiko radike wortel raudh
seed semena семя Samen semo seme zaad semen
sprout (young shoot of plant) ankur побег, росток Spross sproso, sxoso   spruitje ankul
MISC. BODY TERMS
alive [aj] jiva-ney живой lebendig viva, vivanta vivant levend gwiv
dead [aj] morta-ney мёрвый tot morta, mortinta morit dood mohrt
birth janma рождение Geburt nasko, naskigxo nasko geboorte gnahsa
mature, adult mature зрелый reif matura matur(i) rijp matur
healthy [aj] sane здоровый gesund sana san(i) gezond saun
disease, illness, sickness morba болезнь Krankheit malsano maladeso ziekte siuge
fat, obese, plump [aj] grose толстый, жирный dick, fett grasa korpulent(i) vet piwon
               
sex, gender sexu пол, род Geschecht sekso sexu geslacht sexe
female [aj] femina-ney женский weiblich virina, ina femal, feminini vrouwelijk ster
male [aj] maskul-ney мужской männlich vira maskulin(i) mannelijk ner
neuter (neither male nor female) sinsexu-ney, neutrale бесполый, нейтральный geschechtslos neu~tra neutri onzijdig neutral
               
sense (ability to perceive a
given kind of stimuli)		 sens чувство (способность) Sinn senso sensu zintuigen sense
pain tunga боль Pein doloro dolore pijn gvol
pleasure plesir удовольствие Vergnügen plezuro plesire plezier plaisure
tired, weary [aj] fatigi-ney усталый müde laca fatigat(i) moe strak
refreshed, zesty, perky [aj] vije бодрый erfrishend mallaca, vigla   fris, verfrist  
sleep [v] somni спать schlafen dormi [vi] dormi slapen swehp
awake [aj] jagi-she бодрствующий wach maldormanta   wakker sbud(-t/-en)
fever febra лихорадка Fieber febro febre koorts feber
BODILY ACTIONS KORPA-AKTA ТЕЛЕСНЫЕ ДЕЙСТВИЯ
bite [v] kusi кусать beissen mordi [vt] morda bijten dehnk
breathe [v] spiri дышать atmen spiri [vt] spira ademen anem
catch (stop the motion of
and seize in the hands) [v]		 kapti хватать fangen kapti [vt] kapta vangen kap
climb [v] klimbi лезть ersteigen grimpi klima klimmen glehm
copulate, have sex (with) [v] koiti совокупляться sich paaren koiti [vi], fiki [vt]   paren, neuken {slang},
wippen {slang}		 yehbh
crawl [v] kripi ползти kriechen rampi [vt] repta kruipen remep
cry out, shout, yell [v] krai кричать schreien krii [vt] klama roepen, schreeuwen crie
cry, weep [v] plaki плакать weinen plori [vi] plora huilen plang
dance [v] dansi танцевать tanzen danci [vi] dansa dansen dans
die [v] morti умирать sterben morti [vi] mori sterven, doodgaan mehr
drink [v] pi пить trinken trinki [vt] drinka drinken poh
drown (die/kill via immersion) [v] droni тонуть ertränken [vt], ertrinken [vi] droni [vi] drona [vt], bli drona verdrinken khark
eat [v] chi есть, кушать essen mangxi [vt] manja eten edd
feel (perceive with senses) [v] sensi ощущать fühlen sensi [vt] senti {?} voelen sense, kheiss
feel (emotions) [v] senti чувствовать fühlen senti [vt]     senteih, kheiss
gesture [v] jesti жестикулировать Gesten machen gesti [vi] gesta gebaren motion
hold, grasp [v] teni держать halten teni [vt] tena houden, vasthouden dehrj
hunt, pursue (with intent to
capture and/or devour) [v]		 shikari, goni гнаться, преследовать,
охотиться		 jagen cxasi [vt] chasa jagen yagh
jump, leap [v] salti прыгать springen salti [vi] salta springen skand
kick [v] kiki пинать stossen, treten piedbati [vt]   schoppen, trappen kalc
kill [v] kili убивать töten mortigi [vt] tua doden xehn, neic
kiss [v] kisi целовать küssen kisi [vt] basia kussen kou
laugh [v] ridi смеяться lachen ridi [vi] rida lachen gleih
lie (recline horizontally) [v] lagi лежать liegen kusxi [vi] lia liggen lyehg
live (be alive) [v] jivi жить leben vivi [vi] viva leven gwiv
run [v] lopi бежать laufen kuri [vi] kurse lopen curr, drah
shave [v] rasi бриться sich rasieren razi [vt] rasa zich scheren xeur
sit (be in a sitting position) [v] sidi сидеть sitzen sidi [vi] sida zitten sedd
smile [v] smaili улыбаться lächeln rideti [vi] rideta glimlachen smeih
sneeze [v] chihi чихать niesen terni [vi] sternuta niezen sternue
spit [v] spuki плевать spucken kracxi [vt] sputa spuwen, spugen spieu
squat [v] kokori сидеть на корточках hocken kau~ri [vi]   hurken hock
stand [v] stan стоять stehen stari [vi] stea staan stah
swallow [v] gloti глотать schlucken gluti [vt] gluta inzwelgen, slikken sorb
swim [v] swimi плавать schwimmen nagxi [vi] svima zwemmen snah
taste (perceive the flavor of) [v] gusti пробовать (на вкус) schmecken gustumi [vt] gusta smaken, proeven geus
throw, toss [v] lansi бросать werfen jxeti [vt] jeta werpen, gooien xeubh
touch [v] tachi трогать berühren tusxi [vt] tucha raken, aanraken touche
vomit [v] vomi блевать sich erbrechen vomi [vt] vomi braken, overgeven, kotsen {slang} vomeih
walk [v] pedi идти пешком zu Fuss gehen piediri, promeni [vi] marcha lopen, wandelen ghang
wrestle [v] luchi бороться (спорт) ringen lukti [vi] lukta worstelen vreikst
ANIMAL SPECIES AND TYPES ANIMAL ЖИВОТНЫЕ
animal (non-vegetable creature) animal животное Tier besto, animalo animal dier animal
ant (insect of family Formicidae) furmi муравей Ameise formiko formike mier murm
bear (animal of Ursidae family) ber медведь Bär urso urse (-o, -a) beer urx
bee (member of genus Apis) mifen пчела Biene abelo abele bij bey
bird (egg-laying feathered
animal with wings)		 faula птица Vogel birdo fogle vogel av
butterfly parpar бабочка Schmetterling papilio papilione vlinder pelpel
cat (Felis catus) kota кот Katze kato kate (-o, -a) kat cat
cock, hen, chicken koko, kokina, kokkin петух, курица, цыплёнок Hahn, Huhn, Küken koko, kokino, kokido hane kip gall, hen, kierk
cockroach (insect of order
Blattaria)		 kukaracha таракан Schabe blato blate kakkerlak tarakan
cow/bull, cattle (bovine animal
of either sex)		 gova корова/бык Vieh bovo bove vee (= cattle), koe
(= cow), stier (= bull)		 gwow
deer (animal of family Cervidae) hiran олень Hirsch cervo   hert kerv
dog (Canis familiaris) doga собака Hund hundo hunde hond kwaun
donkey, ass (Equus asinus) asla осёл Esel azeno asne ezel asel
dragon (winged serpent with
crested head and large claws)		 dragon, lung (Chinese) дракон Drache drako dragone draak dragon
fish fish рыба Fisch fisxo fishe visch pisk
fly (small winged insect) moska муха Fliege musxo mushe vlieg musch
fox (member of genus Vulpes) foxa лиса Fuchs vulpo foxe (-o, -a) vos vulp(ek)
frog (web-footed tailless
leaping amphibian)		 bakak лягушка Frosch rano rane kikker batrac
toad sapa жаба Kröte bufo   geit greud
goat (animal of genus Capra) bakra козёл Ziege kapro kapre (-o, -a)   ayg
grasshopper saltijuk кузнечик Grashüpfer akrido, lokusto lokuste sprinkhaan tramstei
horse (Equus caballus) kaval лошадь Pferd cxevalo kavale (-o, -a) paard ekw, cavall
insect insekta насекомое Insekt insekto insekte insekt insect
lion (Felis leo) leon лев Löwe leono leone (-o, -a) leeuw lion
lizard lizarda ящерица Eidechse lacerto   hagedis sinsar
lobster langusta омар Hummer omaro homarde kreeft astak
mammal mamianimal млекопитающее Säugetier mamulo mamifere zoogdier mammifer
mantis (insect of order
Manteodea)		 preijuk богомол   manto   bidsprinkhaan mantis
monkey, small primate maimun обезьяна Affe simio simie (-o, -a) aap maymoun
mosquito moskita москит, комар Moskito moskito moskito mug, muskiet moskitt
mouse maus мышь Maus muso muse (-o, -a) muis mus
pig, swine (omnivorous
mammal of family Suidae)		 swina свинья Schwein porko porke (-o, -a) varken, zwijn swin
rabbit (animal of family Leporidae) kunila кролик Kaninchen kuniklo (hare = "leporo") lepore (-o, -a) konijn cuincule
reptile reptila рептилия Kriechtier reptilio reptere kruipend dier, reptiel reptil
sheep (Ovis aries) yan овца Schaf sxafo mutone (-o, -a) schaap ow
snake, serpent (reptile of sub-
order Serpentes or Ophidia)		 serpenta змея Schlange serpento serpente slang serpent
spider, arachnid spaida паук Spinne araneo arane spin arank
squirrel (rodent of family
Sciuridae)		 belka белка Eichhörnchen sciuro squirele eekhoorn vever
tiger (Felis tigris) tigra тигр Tiger tigro tigre (-o, -a) tijger tigher
turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) kalkun индюк Truthahn meleagro dinde (-o, -a) kalkoen kalkoun
turtle (reptile of order
Testudinata)		 tortuga черепаха Schildkröte testudo tortuge schildpad ghelon
virus virus вирус Virus viruso virus virus virus
whale (large marine mammal
of order Cetacea)		 balena кит Wal baleno balene walvisch kiet, baleina
wolf (Canis lupus) wulfa волк Wolf lupo volf wolf wolf
worm wurma червь Wurm vermo verme worm vehrm
PLANT SPECIES AND TYPES PLANTA РАСТЕНИЯ
apple (tree/fruit of genus Malus) yabla яблоко Apfel pomo pome appel appel
bamboo (plant/stem of genera Bambusa / Arundinaria / Dendrocalamus) bambu бамбук Bambus bambuo bambu bamboe bambu
banana (plant/fruit of genus Musa) banan банан Banane banano banane banaan banane
bean (lima/snap/etc.: plant/seed of genus Phaseolus or similar) bona боб Bohne fazeolo fabe boon fassol
cabbage (plant/leaves of sp. Brassica oleracea capitata) kol капуста Kohl brasiko kaule kool kaupust
carrot (plant/root of sp. Daucus carota sativus) karota морковь Karotte karoto karote peen mork
chestnut kastana каштан Kastanie, Marone kasxtano     castan
coffee (plant/seeds of sp. Coffea arabica) kahwa кофе Kaffee kafo kafe koffie kawa
cork (tree/elastic tissue of sp. Quercus suber) korka пробка Kork korko korke kurk fillon (corc)
corn, maize (plant/seeds of sp. Zea mays) mais кукуруза Mais maizo maise maпs mays
cotton (plant/fibers of genus Gossypium) koton хлопок Watte kotono kotone katoen coton
cucumber (Cucumis sativus) gurka огурец Gurke kukumo kukumbre komkommer gurk
date (tree/fruit of sp. Phoenix dactylifera) tamra финик Dattel daktilo datele dadel(palm) khurma
fig (tree/fruit of genus Ficus) figa инжир, фига Feige figo fige vijg smauk
flax (Linum usitatissimum) lin лён Lein lino line vlas lin
garlic (herb of sp. Allium sativum) saum чеснок Knoblauch ajlo alie knoflook kerem
ginger (plant/rhizome of genus Zingiber) jinja имбирь Ingwer zingibro   gember zingimber
ginseng (plant/root of genus Panax) rensheng женьшень Ginseng ginsengo   ginseng ginseng
gourd (plant/hard-rinded fruit of genera Lagenaria & Cucurbita) nangwa тыква Kürbis kukurbo gurde kalebas, pompoen labu
grape (plant/fruit of genus Vitis) vin виноград Wein(traube) vinbero   druif vinber
grass (monocotyledonous plant of family Gramineae) herba трава Gras herbo, graminoj gasone gras grass, trav
hemp, marijuana (plant/material of sp. Cannabis sativa) kanapa конопля Hanf kanabo kanabe hennep kanep
kelp (seaweed of orders Laminariales and Fucales) alga водоросль Kelp, Seetang, Fingertang, Blasentang fuko   zeewier kelp
lentil (plant/seeds of sp. Lens culinaris)   чечевица Linse lento lense linze linse
lettuce (plant/leaves of genus Lactuca) salat салат Salat laktuko latuge sla maroul
mandarin, tangerine (tree/fruit of sp. Citrus reticulata) mandarin мандарин Mandarine mandarino mandarine mandarijn(tje) mandarin
melon melon дыня Melone melono     melon
mint (plant of family Labiatae) minta мята Minze mento   munt mint
mushroom (a complex aerial fleshy fruiting body of a fungus) funga гриб Pilz fungo funge, champinione paddestoel baung
mustard (plant of sp. Brassica hirta / B. nigra / B. juncea) mostarda горчица Senf mustardo mustarde mosterd sinep
oak (tree of genus Quercus) kwerka дуб Eiche kverko querke eik peurk, aig
oat (plant/seed of genus Avena) yanmay овёс Hafer aveno avene haver avsen, koper
olive (tree/fruit of sp. Olea europaea) oliva олива Olive olivo olive olijf zaytoun, olive
onion (plant/bulb of sp. Allium sepa) luk лук Zwiebel cepo onione ui cepel
orange (tree/fruit of Citrus sinensis / related spp.) oranja апельсин Orange orangxo oranje sinaasappel burtukal ; orange
pea (plant/seed of sp. Pisum sativum) pwa горох Erbse pizo pise erwt ergv
peanut (plant/seed/pod of sp. Arachis hypogaea) ardanuta арахис Erdnuss arakido arake {?} pinda kalchang
pepper (hot/sweet/bell pepper -- plant/pod of genus Capsicum) paprika сладкий перец Paprika kapsiko   (cayenne)peper paprika
pepper (black -- plant/seed of sp. Piper nigrum) pepa перец Pfeffer pipro pipre peper piper
pine (coniferous tree of genus Pinus) pina сосна Kiefer pino pine pijnboom puik
plum (certain trees/fruits of genus Prunus) sliva слива Pflaume pruno prune pruim prun
potato (plant/tuber of sp. Solanum tuberosum) patata картофель Kartoffel terpomo potate aardappel kartoffel, patat
rice (plant/seed of sp. Oryza sativa) ris рис Reis rizo rise rijst ris
rose (plant/flower of genus Rosa) rosa роза Rose rozo rose roos rose
rye rogen рожь Roggen sekalo     rog
sesame (plant/seed of genus Sesamum) sesam кунжут, сезам Sesam(samen) sezamo   sesam sussam
soya, soybean (plant/seed of sp. Glycine max) soya соя Sojabohne sojo   soja(boon) soya
spinach (plant/leaves of sp. Spinacia oleracea) spinata шпинат Spinat spinaco spinate spinazie spinak
sunflower (plant/bloom of sp. Helianthus annuus) suryaflor подсолнечник Sonnenblume sunfloro, helianto   zonnebloem solflor
tea (plant/leaves of sp. Camellia sinensis) chay чай Tee teo tee thee chay
tobacco (plant/leaves of sp. Nicotiana tabacum) tabak табак Tabak tabako tabake tabak tabak
tomato (plant/berry of genus Lycopersicon) tomata помидор Tomate tomato tomate tomaat tomat
watermelon karpus арбуз Wassermelone akvomelono     karbouz
wheat (plant/seed of sp. Triticum aestivum) wit пшеница Weizen tritiko frument tarwe kwoid, traigv
               
               
bush, shrub bush куст Busch arbusto, arbedo arbuste struik busk
garden garden сад Garten gxardeno gardene tuin garden
grain(s), cereal crop(s) and their seed(s) gren, sereal зерно Getreide, Korn greno, cerealo grane koren, granen iev, arwrn, cereal,sits
harvest, reap [v] rekoli собирать урожай ernten rikolti [vt] rekolta oogsten opsen
plant (a vegetable life-form) planta растение Pflanze plantajxo, vegetalo plante plant plante
tree baum дерево Baum arbo arbre boom dru
NATURAL WORLD NATURA ПРИРОДА
bay (small body of water offset from lake or sea) baya бухта Bucht golfo baye baai bukht, bai
bank sahil берег Ufer bordo rive   ouper
beach, shore playa пляж Strand strando, plagxo plaje strand plaj
cave guha пещера Höhle kaverno, groto kaverne hol, grot balm(a)
cliff   утёс Klippe krutajxo, klifo klife rotswand behrg
cloud badal облако Wolke nubo nube wolk nebh
desert sahra пустыня Wüste dezerto desertu(m) woestijn desert
earth (terra firma contrasted
with sea and heaven)		 arda земля Erde tero tere aarde ardh
earthquake sisma землетрясение Erdbeben tertremo tremblo de tere {?} aardbeving ginschien
eclipse eklipsa затмение (астрон.) Verfinsterung eklipso eklipse verduistering, eclips eclipse
field (unbroken expanse of land) agra поле Feld kampo agre veld pold (agher is « cultivated field”)
flood, deluge inunda наводнение Flut inundo diluvie overstroming saylab
fog tuman туман Nebel nebulo neble mist nebule
forest shulin лес Wald arbaro, forsto foreste bos, bosch forest, sylve
hail aispluva град Hagel hajlo grele hagel grandwn
hill (smaller than a mountain) kolina холм Hügel monteto koline, montete heuvel clin
hoarfrost, rime frima иней, изморозь Reif prujno frime   pruswa
island isla остров Insel insulo isle eiland insule
lake lak озеро See lago lago meer lak
lightning bliza молния Blitz fulmo fulmine bliksem blix
moon (natural satellite of a
planet)		 luna луна Mond luno lune maan meun
mountain monta гора Berg monto monte berg ghyor(a)
nature (that which occurs
spontaneously; the non-artificial world)		 natura природа Natur naturo nature natuur nature
planet planeta планета Planet planedo planete planeet planete
rain pluva дождь Regen pluvo pluve regen seuy
rainbow raduga радуга Regenbogen cxielarko pluve-arko regenboog deuspont
river riva река Fluss rivero fluvie rivier sreumen
sea, ocean mar, osean море, океан Meer, Ozean maro, oceano mare, oseane zee, oceaan mar, ocean
sky skay небо Himmel cxielo siele lucht, hemel waurn
snow snega снег Schnee negxo nive sneeuw sneigv
star stara звезда Stern stelo stele ster star
storm storma буря, шторм Sturm tempesto, sxtormo sturme storm storm
sun surya солнце Sonne suno sune zon sol
swamp, marsh sumpa болото Sumpf, Moor marcxo marshe moeras muraisch
thunder guruha гром Donner tondro tondra donder stonter
tide afluisa e defluisa прилив и отлив Gezeiten tajdo   tij, getij schiau
tornado tornado торнадо Tornado ciklono   tornado tornado
universe, cosmos universa, kosmo вселенная, космос Weltall, Universum universo, kosmo universe heelal, universum universe, cosmos
valley dol долина Tal valo vale vallei dal(in)
volcano vulkan вулкан Vulkan vulkano volkane vulkaan volcan(o)
weather meteo погода Wetter vetero vetre weer weter
wind feng ветер Wind vento vente wind wind
world munda мир Welt mondo monde wereld mund
TOOLS, IMPLEMENTS TUL ОРУДИЯ
arrow (sharp-tipped shaft shot
from a bow)		 flecha стрела Pfeil sago fleche pijl isu
axe acha топор Axt hakilo hache bijl secwr
balloon balon баллон; воздушный шар Ballon balono balone ballon ballon 
            stang, staaf stangh, gazd
barrel, cask barela бочка Fass barelo barele fust, ton but
basket basketa корзина Korb korbo korbe korf, mand kist, corbh
bed kama кровать Bett lito lite bed crovat, lict
bell glok колокол Glocke sonorilo kloche bel clock
blade lamina лезвие Klinge klingo   halm, blad miech
blanket (large piece of soft
material used as a cover)		 manta одеяло Wolldecke kovrilo   deken blanquet
board planka, tabula доска, дощечка Brett tabulo planke plank baurd, tapwl
bomb bomba бомба Bombe bombo bombe bom bombe
bottle botela бутылка Flasche botelo botle fles, flesch botel
bow (for arrows) arku лук (оружие) Bogen pafarko   boog lonc
bowl (deep round dish) kopa чаша Schale bovlo bole kom bol
box (rigid rectangular receptacle) boxa ящик, коробка Kasten, Schachtel, Karton kartono boxe, keste kist, doos scattule, cutia
brake brek тормоз Bremse bremsilo frene rem braik; frain
brick (hard clay block) brik кирпич Ziegelstein briko brike baksteen brick
broom brum метла, веник Besen balailo balaye bezem firscha
brush brash щётка Bürste, Pinsel brosxilo brose borstel beurst
bucket, pail dalwa ведро Eimer sitelo   emmer amfer
bullet kula пуля Kugel kuglo   kogel glonce
button (on a shirt etc.) buton пуговица Knopf butono butone knoop buton, knop
cage kafsa клетка Käfig kagxo kaje kooi cage
can (presealed metal
container) {British: tin}		 tin-ken консервная банка Büchse ladskatolo   blik conserve
candle kandela свеча Kerze kandelo bujie, kandele kaars kandel
cannon kanon пушка Kanone kanono, pafilego kanone kanon canon
chain (connected series of
rings or links)		 kadena цепь Kette cxeno katene ketting chaine
chair (furniture for one person
to sit on)		 stula стул Stuhl segxo stule stoel stol
cigarette sigareta сигарета Zigarette cigaredo sigarete sigaret cigarette
clock kloka часы Uhr horlogxo horloje klok, uurwerk horloge
club, cudgel gro-stik дубина Keule bastonego bastone knuppel mazuk
coin moneta монета Münze monero monete munt, muntstuk pieng
comb kanga расчёска Kamm kombo peine kam pecten
computer kompyuter, kompa компьютер Computer komputilo {variants: komputero; komputoro}   computer computer
container dan, kontener контейнер Behälter ujo, entenilo, vazo   vat container
cord, cable (thicker than wire) kabel кабель Kabel kablo korde kabel, koord dauyn
corkscrew korkatirika штопор Korkzieher korktirilo   kurketrekker corcschrub
cover (thing put onto or extended over smth else) kovra покров, покрытие Decke, Deckel kovrilo kovre deksel covehr
cup (small bowl with handle) tasa чашка Tasse, Becher taso tase kop, kopje tasse
curtain kurtena занавеска Vorhang, Gardine kurteno kurtene gordijn cortin
dial (circle marked with
numbers/symbols)		 siferblat циферблат Zifferblatt, Skala ciferplato   wijzerplaat cifferblat
dish (any shallow concave
container)		 dish блюдо Schüssel plado platone schotel pliat
doll, effigy kukla кукла Puppe pupo pupee pop pupp
dome (anything shaped like
an upside-down bowl)		 kupula купол Kuppel kupolo dome koepel, gewelf thol
drain (device that removes
unwanted liquid)		 drenihandak водосток,
дренажная канава		 Abfluss drenilo drenere {*} afvoerpijp drain
drill borer бур, дрель Bohrer borilo   drilboor drill
drum (hollow musical
instrument beaten with sticks or hands)		 tambur барабан Trommel tamburo tambure trom, drum tambur
envelope (folded paper
covering a letter)		 letakuta конверт Briefumschlag kuverto kuverte envelop vulbh
fan (device to create air current) fenger, ventilator вентилятор Fächer ventumilo ventilatore waaier windplic, ventilator
fence (outdoor barrier
supported by posts)		 barana забор Zaun barilo fense hek, schutting, omheining barrier
file (tool for abrading)     Feile fajlo lime vijl sleim
flag, banner flaga флаг Fahne flago flage vlag flag
fork (instrument with >=2
prongs for picking up something)		 furka вилка, вилы Gabel forko forkete (forke = pitchfork) vork ghabel
frame (structure supporting or
surrounding something)		 frama рама Rahmen, Gestell kadro frame raam, lijst, frame fraum
furniture mebel мебель Möbel mebloj moblaro meubels, meubelen [plur] meublar
gear (toothed wheel) dentarada шестерня Zahnrad dentrarado   gier ghir
guitar (stringed instrument
played with the fingers)		 gitara гитара Gitarre gitaro gitare gitaar ghitar(a)
gun (ballistic weapon) gan, banduk огнестрельное оружие,
винтовка		 Gewehr pafilo fusile (= rifle) geweer gvond
hammer hamra молоток Hammer martelo hamre hamer hammer
handle (part of tool by which
it is held)		 graspika рукоятка, ручка Griff, Henkel, Handkurbel tenilo anse handvat stolg
hinge sharnir петля (дверная), шарнир Angel (einer Tür) cxarniro charnire scharnier mifussal
hook huk крюк Haken hoko   haak ank
horn (makes noise when blown) korna рог Horn, Hupe korno, latuninstrumento korne claxon horn
hourglass ramlakloka песочные часы Stundenglas sablohorlogxio   zandloper sandsaat
jar, jug (big wide-mouthed bottle) kruga кувшин Krug poto kruche (= jug) kruik weuder
key (metal device for
operating lock)		 klef ключ Schlüssel sxlosilo klefe sleutel cleich
knife sikin нож Messer trancxilo kultele mes knif
knob   набалдашник Drücker, Knopf tubero   knop knop
ladder sulam лестница Leiter sxtupetaro skale   climek
lamp lampa лампа Lampe lampo lampe lamp lampe
lens linsa линза Linse lenso lense lens linse
lever dranga рычаг Hebel levstango levere hefboom drangh
lock (device for securing doors) kufla замок (на дверь) Schloss seruro {padloke = padlock; no general word for "lock" can be found} slot sclud
machine (device with moving
parts)		 mashina машина Maschine masxino machine machine machine
match (little fire-stick) kibrit спичка Streichholz alumeto alumete lucifer kibrit
microscope mikroskop микроскоп Mikroskop mikroskopo mikroskope microscoop microscope
mirror mira зеркало Spiegel spegulo spegele spiegel specule
motor, engine motor мотор Motor motoro motore motor motor
nail (pointy fastener) naga гвоздь Nagel najlo nagle spijker gwozd
needle igla игла Nadel kudrilo, nadlo agulie naald nadh
net neta сеть Netz reto rete net net
oven forna печь Ofen forno, bakujo forne oven ogwn, furn
package, packet, parcel paketa пакет Paket pakajxo pakete pakje pack(ett)
paddle, oar (stick with broad
end)		 rema весло Paddel padelo, remilo reme riem, roeiriem erm
pan (broad shallow cooking dish) frier сковородка Pfanne pato padele pan tanjar, skord; teghnon
patch (a piece used to
cover/repair a flaw)		   заплата Flicken flikajxo   lap pan
pedal pedal педаль Pedal pedalo pedale pedaal pedal
pen (writing tool that uses ink) bolkalam авторучка Feder plumo plume pen kalem
pencil, crayon(writing tool that
uses semi-solid substance)		 kalam карандаш Bleistift krajono krayone potlood molive
pillow, cushion kushen подушка Kissen kuseno kusene kussen wangher, bolghi
pipe (a hard tube for
transporting liquid)		 tuba труба Rohr pipo tube buis, pijp aul
plate (shallow dish, usually
round)		 pyata тарелка Teller telero plate bord taler
plow (plough) pluga плуг Pflug plugilo pluge ploeg plugh
pocket posh карман Tasche posxo poshe broekzak, zak gep
pole, stick (long bar) stanga шест, жердь Most, Stange stango bastone stok stangh
post (vertical pole anchored
in ground)		 stolba столб Pfahl fosto   paal pal, stolb
pot (deep round vessel) pot горшок Topf kaserolo pote pot, kan pot
pulley   шкив, блок Rolle pulio pulie katrol pullie
pump pumpa насос, помпа Pumpe pumpilo pumpe pomp pumpe
rack (framework of bars for
storage)		 stanka стойка, штатив,
подставка, станина		 Ständer, Raufe stativo   rek stoya
radio apparatus, wireless set radio радио Radioapparat radio radio radio radio
rail (usually horizontal bar for
restraining/supporting things)		 rel рельс Geländerstange relo rele railing, leuning rail
rake rasta грабли Rechen rastilo rastre hark raster
razor razer бритва Rasiermesser razilo rasilo, rasomachine, rasokultele scheermes xur
rope korda верёвка Seil sxnuro korde touw seil
rug, mat tapis ковёр Teppich tapisxo tapisete kleedje, tapijt kelim; hassir
sack, bag sak мешок, куль Sack sako sake zak sack
sail parus парус Segel velo segle zeil seghel
saw (tool) sega пила Säge segilo sege zaag seg
scale (device to measure weight) pondika весы Waage pesilo ponderilo weegschaal waga
scissors mikas ножницы Schere tondilo sisoe schaar nojit
screen, mesh ekran экран Gitter, Masche ekrano shirme (screen = shelter), mashe maas, scherm schirm, seit
screw (threaded fastener) vinta винт, шуруп Schraube sxrau~bo skrue schroef scruv
sign (board with public notice
written on it)		 jaopay вывеска Schild sxildo signe {?} bord, reclamebord schild
shelf tana полка Regal breto   plank regal
shield (a protective implement) shilda щит Schild sxirmilo shilde schild adarga
shovel lopata лопата Schaufel fosilo shovele schop lopat
spear, lance lanza копьё Speer lanco lanse speer, lans piel, lance
sponge (real/synthetic corpse
of animal of phylum Porifera)		 sponja губка Schwamm spongo sponje spons swombh
spool, reel (cylinder onto
which something is wound)		 bobina катушка Spule bobeno spule spoel spula
spoon chiza ложка Löffel kulero kuliere lepel guar
spring (metal helix) resora пружина Feder risorto resore veer, drijfveer lumpia
staple (fastener)   скоба Heftklammer krampo   nietje, kram clehsp
strap belta ремень Riemen, Gurt rimeno strape riem yesmen
string (thicker than thread and
thinner than rope)		 syen струна Bindfaden, Sehne, Saite sxnureto kordete koord, touw schnur
stylus     Nadel grifelo   schrijfstift ak
sword zian меч Schwert glavo sabre zwaard eins
syringe siringa шприц Spritze injektilo siringe spuit, spuitje sringa
table (piece of furniture with
flat top)		 tabla стол Tisch tablo table tafel table
telephone telefon телефон Telefon, Fernsprecher telefono telefone telefoon telephone
telescope teleskop телескоп Fernrohr teleskopo teleskope telescoop telescope
television set TV телевизор Fernsehapparat televido {As the dictionary was composed in 1930, no word was created} televisie TV
toilet, water closet tuvalet туалет Klosett necesejo latrine, lavatorie w.c., toilet tualette
tool, utensil, implement tul инструмент Werkzeug ilo instrumente, utensile werktuig alat
tongs pinser щипцы Zange prenilo pinse tang tang
towel tualya полотенце Handtuch mantuko, bantuko, visxtuko   handdoek handtuk
toy, plaything pleika игрушка Spielzeug ludilo ludilo speelgoed leuyk
trap kapter ловушка Falle kaptilo kaptilo val, voetangel kapan
tray (shallow rectangular dish)   поднос Tablett pleto   dienblad, schenkblad tepji
umbrella ambrela зонтик Regenschirm ombrelo parapluve paraplu saan
valve (flow-controller)   клапан Klappe, Ventil valvo valve ventiel valve
weapon arma оружие Waffe armilo arme wapen arme
wheel rada колесо Rad rado rote   kwekwl, rot
wire (long thread-like piece
of metal)		 tel проволока Draht drato drate   viel
wrench {British: spanner}   гаечный ключ Schraubenschlüssel sxraubsxlosilo     vrehng
CLOTHING KLAIDA ОДЕЖДА
apron avantuh фартук Schürze antau~tuko   schort mandile
belt belta пояс, ремень Gürtel zono   ceintuur, gordel yeusmen; belt
boot, top-boot buta, gaobuta ботинок, сапог Schnürschuh, Stiefel boteto, boto bute laars baut
coat (heavy outer garment with sleeves) palto, mantela пальто, плащ Mantel palto, mantelo jake jas mantel, palto
collar kolar воротник Kragen kolumo kolare boord kolnier
eyeglasses okula очки Brille okulvitroj lunete bril bril
garment (item of clothing) klaida одеяние, одежда Gewand vestajxo veste kledingstuk roube, vester
glove ganta перчатка Handschuh ganto gante handschoen guant
harness jota упряжь Harnisch jungilaro harnese tuig, gareel khath
hat, cap shapa шапка Hut cxapelo (hat), cxapo (cap) chapele, kaskete hoed hatt
helmet helma шлем Helm kaskedo helme helm helm
jacket (a short and/or
 lightweight coat)		 jaka куртка Jacke jako jakete jack jaquet
necktie tay галстук Krawatte kravato kravate stropdas cravate
pants, trousers panta штаны Hose pantalono pantalone broek pantalon, bruks
shirt kamisa рубашка Hemd cxemizo kamise hemd, overhemd camiss
shorts, trunks (trousers extending no lower than knees) shorta шорты kurze Hose, Sporthose sxorto kalsone {?} shorts, korte broek schorts
shoe shu туфля, полуботинок;
башмак		 Schuh sxuo shu(e) schoen schou
skirt, kilt jupa юбка Rock jupo (skirt), kilto (kilt), robo (dress - shoulder to knees) jupe rok fustan
dress (garment open at the bottom) roba платье (женское) Kleid robo     rogv
sock, hose, stocking sok носок, чулок Strumpf, Socke sxtrumpo kalse (= stocking),
kalsete (= sock)		   (stocking)
uniform (special garments
worn by members of a group)		 uniforma униформа Uniform uniformo uniforme   uniform
veil vual вуаль Schleier vualo vele   kehlder
BUILDINGS, INSTITUTIONS BILDURA, GUAN ЗДАНИЯ, ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ
building, edifice (structure with walls and roof) bildura здание Gebäude konstruajxo edifise gebouw bina
               
attic, garret rufshamba чердак Dachboden subtegmento mansarde zolder, vliering granar
ceiling tavan потолок Decke plafono plafone plafond tavan
cellar, basement kela подвал Keller kelo kelere kelder kellar
chimney fumtuba дымовая труба Schornstein kamentubo, fumtubo kamine schoorsteen camin
door dwar дверь Tür pordo porte deur dwer
elevator {British: lift} lifter лифт Fahrstuhl lifto elevatore lift lift
fireplace, hearth kamin камин Herd, Kamin kameno kamine haard vatra, ayd
floor (bottom of room) poda пол Fussboden planko planche vloer, grond  
roof ruf крыша Dach tegmento tekte dak krov, tect
room, chamber shamba комната Zimmer cxambro chambre kamer kyal
stair(s) sulam лестница Treppe sxtuparo eskalere trap drab
wall mur стена Wand, Mauer muro mure muur, wand mur
window winda окно Fenster fenestro fenestre raam, venster fenster
               
church (building or institution
 of public worship)		 kirka церковь Kirche pregxejo kirke (building),
eklesie (institution)		 kerk kyrk
factory fabrika фабрика Fabrik fabriko fabrike fabriek fabrique
hospital hospital больница Krankenhaus malsanulejo, hospitalo hospitale ziekenhuis, hospitaal hospital
hotel, inn hotel гостиница Hotel, Gasthof hotelo, gastejo hotele hotel hotel
house (a free-standing man-
 made dwelling-building)		 dom дом Haus domo huse huis dom
library kitabaguan библиотека Bibliothek biblioteko libraro, biblioteke bibliotheek bibliotheque
mill (place where raw
materials are processed)		 melidom мельница Mühle muelejo mile molen molin
prison, jail prison тюрьма Gefängnis malliberejo prisone gevangenis prison
school skola школа Schule lernejo skole school scol
store, shop, boutique shop, dukan магазин, лавка Laden, Geschäft butiko, vendejo, magazeno butike winkel, shop butique, magasin,
dukan
tavern, bar, pub taverna, bar таверна, бар Kneipe trinkejo taverne kroeg, bar taverne, crechma, bar
theater teatra театр Theater teatro teatre theater, schouwburg theatre
university universitet университет Universität universitato universitate universiteit universitat
               
bridge ponta мост Brücke ponto ponte brug brigv
farm ferma ферма Bauernhof farmo ferme boerderij farm
park (public outdoor area) parka парк Park parko parke park park
market (place where goods
are bought/sold/traded)		 basar базар, рынок Markt bazaro merkate markt mercat, basar
tower tawa башня Turm turo turme toren tor
GOVERNMENT, HIERARCHY GUVERNA, HIERARKIA ПРАВИТЕЛЬСТВО, ИЕРАРХИЯ
agency, bureau buroo бюро Behörde, Büro instanco, buroo buro bureau, agentschap amt, bureau
army armee армия Armee, Heer armeo armee leger armee
authority (the right/power to
command)		 mahta власть Autorität au~toritateco, potenco autoritate gezag, autoriteit autoritat, waldh
campaign (for political office) kampania кампания Feldzug kampanjo   campagne campagne
constitution (charter of an
organization)		 konstitusion конституция Verfassung statuto, konstitucio konstitutione statuten [plurale tantum] constitution
control [v] kontroli, ruli контролировать,
управлять		 regeln, beherrschen regi, kontroli domina, kontrola beheersen, regelen,
besturen		 control
court (of law) judiguan суд Gericht jurejo, tribunalo korte rechtszaal, gerechtshof tribunal, diksghehrd
crime krimen преступление Verbrechen krimo krime misdaad crime
elect (select by voting) [v] elekti избирать wählen elekti elekta verkiezen eleg
free (at liberty) [aj] libre свободный frei libera liberi vrij leu(de)r
government guverna правительство Regierung registaro guvernantaro, governamente regering gouvernement
independent [aj] nodependa-ney независимый unabhängig sendependa non-dependante onafhankelijk, zelfstandig independent
international [aj] interjenmin-ney международный international internacia international internationaal international
jury juri жюри Geschworene jxurio jurie jury, gezworenen jury
law (a rule enforced by a
government)		 kanun закон Gesetz legxo lege wet loy
military [aj] gwer(-ney) военный, воинский militärisch milita militari militair militar
nation, state (political entity) nasion, stata нация, государство Nation, Land nacio natione natie nation, stat
obey [v] obedi повиноваться gehorchen obei obedia gehoorzamen obedeih
official (issued with authority) [aj] ofisiale офоциальный   oficiala ofisial officieel official
organize (bring X's together to
perform a task) [v]		 organisi организовать organisieren organizi organisa organiseren organise
parliament, congress
(legislative body of elected officers)		 parlamenta парламент Parlament parlamento parlamente, kongrese, legifante parlement, congres parlament
party (political), sect (religious) partia, sekta партия; секта Partei partio, sekto partise partij, sekte partie, sect
permit, allow, let [v] permiti разрешать erlauben permesi permise toelaten, toestaan permitt
police (organization to enforce
laws)		 polis полиция Polizei polico polise politie police
politics politika политика Politik politiko politike politiek politique
prohibit, forbid, contra-permit [v] prohibi запрещать verbieten malpermesi despermise verbieden ban
province (of Canada etc.),
prefecture, state (of USA etc.)		 provinsia, stata провинция; штат Provinz, Bundesstaat provinco (Kanado/cxinio), sxtato (Usono), departemento (Francio) provinse, state provincie, prefectuur province, stat
resign [v]   уходить в отставку niederlegen eksigxi resigna ontslag nemen istife
rule, regulation regula правило Regel regulo regle regel reul
submission, surrender   подчинение, сдача Unterwerfung, Kapitulation cedo, rezigno submisione capitulatie, overgave taslime, jiauschou,
capitulation
tax naloga налог Steuer imposto taxo belasting taxe
trial (in court) judidela дело, процесс (в суде) Prozess proceso prosese proces process, mahel
unite [v] unisi объединять vereinigen unuigi [vt], unuigxi [vi] unisa verenigen unie
vote [v] voti голосовать Abstimmung vocxdoni, baloti vote stemmen vote
war gwer война Krieg milito guere, milite oorlog weir
BUSINESS AND TRANSACTIONS BISNES БИЗНЕС
accept (willingly receive) [v] aksepti принимать annehmen akcepti [vt] alsepta accepteren accepte
account (record of money
received/paid/owed)		 akaunta счёт (в банке) Konto konto registre rekening conte
bank (monetary institution) banka банк Bank banko banke bank bank
bill, invoice (statement of
money owed)		 bil счёт (на оплату) Rechnung fakturo fakture rekening facture, quitance
borrow [v] loni, pren lon-nem одалживать,
брать в долг		 leihen prunti [vt] prunta lenen van laun
business, commerce bisnes, komersa бизнес, торговля Handel komerco komerse handel, business verslyn, commerce
buy, purchase [v] kupi покупать kaufen acxeti [vt] kompra kopen, aankopen,
aanschaffen		 kaup
cheap, inexpensive [aj] chipe дешёвый billig malmultekosta, malkara chipi goedkoop ieftin
check (written order directing a bank to pay from an account) chek чек Scheck cxeko cheke cheque cheque
company (a business
organization), firm		 firma фирма, компания Gesellschaft kompanio kompania firma compagnie, firm(a)
contract (agreement-document) kontrakta контракт Vertrag kontrakto kontrate verdrag, contract contract
credit (permission to borrow
money)		 kredita кредит Kredit kredito kredite krediet credit
debt, obligation to pay deba долг (денежный) Schuld sxuldo debatu(m) schuld dulg
exchange, trade, swap [v] intershanja обмен tauschen intersxangxi [vt] kambia uitwisselen, ruilen exchange
expensive, costly [aj] guy дорогой kostspielig multekosta, kara cheri duur, kostbaar dorgv, costeus
frugal, thrifty [aj] sparishil бережливый sparsam sxparema frugal(i) spaarzaam iktissadic
generous, charitable [aj] donishil щедрый freigebig malavara jenerosi vrijgevig, liefdadig genereus
get, acquire, gain, obtain [vt] en-hev, akwiri заиметь, приобрести bekommen akiri [vt] resiva, obtena krijgen hassile
give [v] dai дать geben doni [vt] dona geven dah
insurance (protective
contractual arrangement)		 sigurisa cтраховка Versicherung asekuro assuratione verzekering sicurance
invest [v] investi   investieren investi [vt] plasa investeren invest
job, employment gunsa, emploisa работа, занятость Job dungo taske, employate werk, job job, employ
keep, retain, go on having ("you should keep the book") [v] reteni удерживать, сохранять behalten reteni [vt] retena houden, behouden gweup
lack (be without) [v] falti недоставать (I lack it=es mangelt mir an) malhavi [vt], manki [vi] manka ontberen, missen, niet habben au, wan
lend [v] loni, dai lon-nem одалживать,
давать в долг		 ausleihen prunti [vt] presta lenen layn
lose (cease having;
contra-acquire) [vt]		 lusi терять verlieren perdi [vt] perda verliezen leus
merchandise, goods, wares pin товары Ware varoj vares waren tovar, ware
money mani деньги Geld mono moneye geld denars
offer (present for acceptance
or rejection) [v]		 proposi предлашать anbieten proponi [vt] ofra aanbieden offer
own (possess according to
law or custom) [v]		 posesi обладать besitzen posedi [vt] posese {?} bezitten possedd
pay [v] pagi платить gezahlen pagi [vt] paga betalen paygh
poor, impoverished [aj] povre бедный arm malricxa povri arm orm
price, cost prais цена Preis prezo pretie prijs pris
private (contra-public) [aj] private личный, приватный privat privata privat(i) prive', privaat privat
prize, award prisa, premia приз, премия Prämie premio premie premie, beloning mizd
profit, gain profit выгода Gewinn profito profite profijt, voordeel profit, lautel
provide, supply, furnish [v] saplai обеспечивать, снабжать besorgen provizi [vt] provise voorzien (van) dadw
public (available to most or
all persons) [aj]		 publike публичный,
общественный		 öffentlich publika publi, publik(i) publiek, openbaar public
punish [v] puni наказать strafen puni [vt] puni straffen puneih
receive [v] resivi получить empfangen ricevi [vt] resiva ontvangen dak, preim, recep
reject, refuse (contra-accept) [v] refusi отказаться ablehnen rifuzi [vt] refusa verwerpen, weigeren refuse
responsibility, liability,
accountability		 responsa ответственность Verantwortung respondeco responso verantwoordelijkheid massoulia
reward [v] rekompensi воздавать, отплачивать награждать belohnen rekompenci [vt] rekompensa belonen recompense, meizd
rich, wealthy [aj] riche богатый reich ricxa richi rijk riche
sell [v] vendi продавать verkaufen vendi [vt] venda verkopen pehrn
steal (take in a criminal way) [v] chori украсть stehlen sxteli [vt] furta stelen, pikken {slang}, jatten {slang} klehpt
store, cache, reserve, reservoir reserva, depo запас; хранилище Vorrat, Lager rezervo   voorraad, magazijn sklad
take (in the sense of
G "nehmen", Sp "tomar") [v]		 pren брать nehmen preni [vt] prenda nemen ghend; em
ticket, coupon bileta билет Karte bileto, kupono bilete, kupone kaartje, ticket, coupon tiquet
value (the quality of being
useful and/or desirable), worth		 valor, kosta ценность, стоимость Wert valoro, kosto valore waarde wirt
RELIGION AND THE SUPERNATURAL RELIGION РЕЛИГИЯ
angel anjel ангел Engel angxelo anjele engel angel
bless (wish good upon) [v] blesi благословлять segnen beni benedikte zegenen blagh
curse, damn (wish evil upon) [v] damni проклинать verfluchen malbeni damna vervloeken balstehm, aforise
fairy feya фея Fee feo fea Fee fee
ghost (manifestation of dead
person's soul)		 fantom призрак Gespenst, Geist spirito spirite geest, spook fantem
god, diety boh бог Gott dio dee (-o, -a) god div
heaven, celestial realm,
Valhala etc.		 swarga небеса Himmel cxielo siele hemel warwn
hell, Hades inferna ад Hölle inferno inferne hel hayd
holy, sacred [aj] sante святой heilig sankta sakri heilig saker
magic, sorcery magia магия Zauberei, Zauberkunst magio, sorcxarto magia tovenarij, magie magia
pray (communicate with
god(s)) [v]		 prei молиться beten pregxi prega bidden prehg
priest, clergyman pop священник Priester pastoro prestre priester, pastoor blaghmen, sakerdot, pryster
religion religion религия Religion religio religione religie, godsdienst religion
revelation, mystical vision revela откровение Offenbarung revelacio revelatione openbaring revelation
ritual, rite, ceremony ritual ритуал Ritus, Ritual rito ritu, seremonie ritueel ritual
soul, spirit (believed to outlive
the body)		 atma душа Seele animo alme ziel, geest atmen
MIND AND EMOTION DUMA, SENTA МЫСЛИ, ЧУВСТВА
admire [v] admiri восхищаться bewundern admiri admira bewonderen admire
alert [aj] chauke бдительный, чуткий wachsam lerta, atenta alerti waakzaam, paraat elangver
angry [aj] ira-ney сердитый zornig kolera irat (irant) boos, kwaad irat
approve (of) [v] aprobi одобрять Beifall aprobo aprobatione goedkeuring, toestemming approbe
art (creative craft; productive use of talent) arta искусство Kunst arto arte kunst art
attention (active perception) atenta внимание Acht, Aufmerksamkeit atento atentione aandacht, attentie attention
behavior, conduct suluka поведение Benehmen konduto konduite gedrag sulouk
believe (accept as true) [v] kredi верить glauben kredi kreda geloven credeih
blame [v] blami порицать, осуждать die Schuld geben kulpigi blama de schuld geven blame
boring, tedious [aj] enoi-she, tedi-she скучный, надоедающий langweilig teda, enuiga enoyant(i), tedant(i), tedivi saai plictic
calculate, reckon [v] kalkuli вычислять berechnen kalkuli kalkula berekenen hissab, calcule
care, concern (about
someone / something)		 kuydi (по)заботиться Sorge, Kummer zorgo konserna zorg kaur
caution, prudence,
carefulness		 chaukitaa осторожность Vorsicht singardo, prudento kautione voorzichtigheid caution, prudence
celebrate, rejoice [v] festi праздновать feiern festi, celebri festa vieren fest
choose, pick (out), select one
of many possibilities [v]		 selekti выбирать wählen elekti, selekti selekte kiezen cheus
comfort (freedom from pain
and/or worry)		 byentaa удобство, комфорт Behaglichkeit komforto komforte gemak, gerief, comfort khauristat
compare [v] kompari сравнивать vergleichen kompari kompara vergelijken compare
conscious, aware [aj] konsi-she сознательный;
осознающий		 bewusst konscia konsiosi bewust conscient
courage, bravery kuraja храбрость, мужество Mut kuragxo kuraje moed courage
dear, precious, cherished [aj] kare дорогой, милый lieb kara kar(i) lief kyar
decide [v] desidi решать, принимать
решение		 entscheiden decidi desise beslissen, besluiten decid
disappointment   разочарование Enttäuschung malkontentigxo, seniluziigxo deseptione teleurstelling deception
distinguish, differentiate,
tell one from another [v]		 distinti отличать unterscheiden distingi (inter) distinkte onderscheiden disting
doubt [v] dubi сомневаться Zweifeln dubi duta twijfelen dwoi
dream sonja (al nocha),
drima (al dey)		 видеть сон; мечтать Traum songxo (= a night dream),
revo (= a day dream)		 sonje droom drehm (nocts);
sehgn (diens)
embarrassment mushkila затруднение Verlegenheit embaraso embaraso verlegenheid embarass
enthusiasm, zeal sagarmitaa энтузиазм Begeisterung entuziasmo selo ijver, enthousiasme enthusiasme
expect, anticipate (believe
that X will come/happen) [v]		 expekti ожидать, рассчитывать erwarten antau~supozi, antau~vidi expekta verwachten,
anticiperen		 exspecte
experience (consciously live
through an event) [v]		 anubavi испытывать, переживать erfahren sperti experientia ondervinden, ervaren experience
favor, prefer [v] preferi предпочитать bevorzugen preferi, favori prefera de voorkeur geven prefer
fear (be afraid of) [v] fobi бояться fürchten timi tima, pavora vrezen, bang zijn van bay
feel (experience an
emotion/sentiment) [v]		 senti чувствовать fühlen senti senti voelen kheiss
find findi находить finden trovi trova   trehv
foolish [aj] norasum-ney неразумный, глупый töricht malsagxa, stulta folatri {*} gek, mal akmak
forget (contra-remember) [v] fogeti забывать vergessen forgesi oblive vergeten myehrs
forgive, pardon [v] pardoni прощать vergeben pardoni pardona vergeven indeulg
funny, comical [aj] drole забавный, смешной komisch amuza, komika komiki grappig, komisch goil
grateful, thankful [aj] danki-she благодарный dankbar danka gratitudosi dankbaar grat
greedy [aj] avide жадный gierig avara avidi hebzuchtig, gierig lasni
guard, monitor, watch over [v] gardi охранять, беречь,
сторожить		 bewachen, hüten gardi garda hoeden, bewaken guarde
guess, conjecture [v] gesi угадывать; догадываться vermuten konjekti, diveni konjektura gissen, vermoeden gvaedd
guide, lead [v] gidi, dukti вести führen gvidi, konduki gida, dukte voeren, leiden guide, duc
guilty, blame-worthy [aj] kulpaful виновный schuldig kulpa blamindi {*} schuldig nocent
habit, custom, routine practice abyas, tradision привычка, традиция Gewohnheit kutimo kustome gewoonte swohd, tradition
happy [aj] felise счастливый glücklich felicxa felisi vrolijk, opgewekt noroct
hate [v] heni ненавидеть hassen malami odia haten haissen
hope [v] nadi надеяться hoffen esperi espera hopen speh
humble, modest [aj] namre скромный demütig humila, modesta humil(i), modesti onderdanig, deemoedig,
nederig		 humil
idea, concept (thought-bundle) idea идея Idee ideo, koncepto idee idee, concept,
gedachte		 idee
imagine [v] imajini вообразить sich vorstellen imagi, bildigi (al si) imagina zich voorstellen imagine
important [aj] muhim важный wichtig grava importanti belangrijk, gewichtig important
innocent, contra-guilty [aj] inosente невинный unschuldig senkulpa inosent(i) onschuldig innocent
insane, crazy, mad [aj] pagale сумасшедший wahnsinnig freneza fol(i) krankzinnig, gek,
getikt, waanzinnig		 foll
intelligent [aj] intele умный intelligent inteligenta inteligenti intelligent intelligent
intend, mean to, do deliberate-
ly, have as a purpose [v]		 intenti намереваться beabsichtigen intenci intente van plan zijn, willen eiskw
interest (desire to pay
attention to something), fascination		 interes интерес Interesse intereso intereso interesse,
belangstelling		 interesse
invent (plan something which
has never been made before) [v]		 inventi придумывать, изобретать erfinden inventi, krei, elfari invente uitvinden invent
jealousy; envy jalusi-she; envi-she ревнивый; завидующий eifersüchtig; niedisch jxaluzo; envio envio ijverzuchtig, jaloers jalous, hassad
judge (compare something to
criteria), form an opinion about [v]		 judi судить beurteilen jugxi, prijugxi judika beoordelen kehns
know [v] jan знать wissen (know facts), kennen (be acquainted with) scii (be aware of), koni (be acquainted with) konosa, sava kennen, weten gnoh
knowledge jansa знание Wissen, Kenntnisse scio savo kennis gnohsa
learn [v] lerni учиться, научиться lernen lerni, ekscii, informigxi lerna leren euc
like,
enjoy (derive
pleasure from) [v]		 pri,
jui		 нравиться,
наслаждаться		 gern haben,
(I like it = es gefällt mir)		 gxui, sxati prisa (to like, value);
savura (enjoy, of foods); jua (enjoy)		 mogen, leuk vinden,
graag doen		 kam, preih
logic (formalized process of
reasoning)		 logika логика Logik logiko logike logica logique
lonely (feeling undesirable
solitude) [aj]		 sole одинокий einsam soleca solitari eenzaam mon
love [v] luba любовь lieben ami ama beminnen, houden
van, liefhebben		 liubh
loyal [aj] fidele верный treu fidela, lojala loyal getrouw, trouw loyal
mercy rahimtaa милосердие Gnade, Barmherzigkeit kompato miserikordia genade, barmhartigheid mercie
mind menta ум Geist menso mente geest ment
mystery misteria тайна, загадка Mysterium mistero misterie mysterie mysteir
neglect, negligence, apathy neglekta пренебрежение Vernachlässigung neglekto, apatio neglekto verwaarlozing neglegence
nice, kind, affable [aj] latif любезный, вежливый nett, leutselig afabla afabli aardig, vriendelijk,
minzaam		 maedwn
notice, observe [v] merki, observi замечать, наблюдать merken, bemerken rimarki, observi observa bemerken, merken,
waarnemen		 kau, observe
obstinate zide упрямый; упорный hartnäckig obstina obstinati hardnekkig inat
opinion opina мнение Meinung opinio opinione mening, opinie mayn, opinion
patience sabra терпение Geduld pacienco patienteso, patientia geduld patience
peace (freedom from fighting
or turmoil)		 salam мир (не война) Friede paco pase vrede pace
perceive, detect [v] persepti воспринимать wahrnehmen percepti persepte bemerken percep
pity, feel compassion toward,
feel sorry for [v]		 piti жалеть bemitleiden kompati pitia medelijden hebben
met		 compatt
plan, design plan план Plan plano, dezegno plane plan, ontwerp, design plan
play (performed by actors on
stage), drama		 pyesa, drama пьеса, драма Stück, Drama teatrajxo drama(te) toneelstuk, drama piece, drame
pretend, act, feign [v] simuli притворяться vorgeben preteksti, sxajnigi simula, fikte voorgeven,
pretenderen, veinzen		 fineg
proud garwe гордый stolz fiero, orgojlo fiereso {*}, fieritate {*} trots mynder
reason, explanation,
justification, rationale		 reson резон, довод,
основание, причина		 Grund kialo resone reden, grond raison
reasoning, rational thought resoning рассуждение Urteil rezonado ratione rede, vernuft aum, raisonen
recognize [v] rekoni узнать, признать erkennen rekoni rekogni herkennen recogneih
regret [v] afsosi сожалеть Bedauern bedau~ri regreta spijten, betreuren regret
remember [v] remembi (вс)помнить sich erinnern an memori, rememori memora zich herinneren mehm
respect, venerate, esteem [v] respekti уважать achten estimi, respekti respekte respekteren, achten respect
revenge, vengeance, retribution, getting even venja месть Rache vengxo revanche wraak vengence
sad, unhappy, melancholy [aj] triste грустный unglücklich malfelicxa, malgaja, trista tristi treurig, ongelukkig shi
satisfaction satisfakta удовлетворение Befriedigung, Genugtuung kontenteco satisfaktione voldoening, bevrediging satisfaction
seek, search (for), look for [v] shuki искать suchen sercxi sercha zoeken paursk, sok
seem, appear to be,
give the impression of [v]		 sembli казаться scheinen sxajni sembla schijnen, lijken kwehk
serious, earnest, grave [aj] seriose серьёзный ernst serioza seriosi ernstig, serieus serieus
shame shama стыд Schande, Scham honto shame schaamte, schande scham
study [v] studi изучать studieren studi studia studeren studye
stupid [aj] stupide глупый, дурацкий dumm, blöd malinteligenta, stulta stupid(i) dom, stom stupid
subject, topic of discussion tema тема Thema temo subjekte onderwerp, tema theme
suppose, presume [v] suposi предполагать annehmen supozi suposi aannemen,
veronderstellen		 supposen
surprise, startle [v] surprisa сюрприз überraschen surprizi surprisa verrassen surprise
talent, skill, knack talenta талант Talent, Fertigkeit talento talente talent talent
teach [v] talimi учить lehren instrui dose, instrukte onderwijzen, leren doc
tempt [v] temti искушать, соблазнять verleiten tenti tenta verzoeken tente
theory teoria теория Theorie teorio, hipotezo teorie theorie theoria
think [v] dumi думать denken pensi opine denken mehn
trust [v] fidi доверять trauen fidi fida vertrouwen treus
understand, comprehend [v] samaji понимать verstehen kompreni komprenda begrijpen prete
want, wish, desire [v] yao хотеть wollen voli, deziri voli willen, verlangen vol
whim, caprice kapris каприз Laune, Grille kaprico kaprise gril caprice
wise [aj] saje мудрый weise sagxa saji wijs hakime
worry, anxiety nokalmitaa беспокойство Sorge cxagreno, maltrankviligxo   zorg sweurgh
COMMUNICATION KOMUNIKA ОБЩЕНИЕ
address (postal co-ordinates) adres адрес Adresse adreso, posxtadreso adrese adres adresse
admit, confess [v] konfesi признаваться eingestehen, zugeben konfesi konfese bekennen, toegeven confett
advertisement reklama реклама Anzeige, Reklame reklamo, reklamajxo anonse advertentie, reklame reclame
advice konsila совет Rat konsilo avise raad, advies radh
alphabet alfabet алфавит Alphabet aboco, alfabeto alfabete alfabet alphabet
announce, proclaim [v] anunsi объявлять, извещать ankündigen anonci anuntia aankondigen annunce
answer, reply to a question
or argument		 jawabi отвечать Antwort respondo respondo antwoord antwehrd
article, essay (piece of text
about one topic)		 artikla статья Artikel artikolo, eseo artikle artikel article
ask, inquire [v] kwesti спрашивать fragen demandi questiona vragen (s)prehg
book kitaba книга Buch libro libre boek buk
call, summon [v] voki звать rufen voki, alvoki voka roepen, aanroepen kal
chapter (main division of book) chapta глава (в книге) Kapitel cxapitro chapitre hoofdstuk capitel
chart, diagram diagrama диаграмма Karte diagramo diagrame kaart, diagram diagramme
claim, assertion (statement
of unknown accuracy)		 aserta утверждение Behauptung aserto asertione bewering ischbat
code (cryptographic system) kod код Chiffreschrift, Geheimschrift cxifro, kodo kode geheimtaal, code code
command, order, directive komanda команда, приказание Befehl komando, ordono komanda [v] bevel, opdracht commanden
communication
(exchange of information)		 komunika общение Nachrichtenwesen (inter)komunikado, komunikajxo komuniko, komunikado, komunikatione communicatie communication
consonant (non-vowel)   согласный (не гласный) Mitlaut konsonanto konsonante medeklinker, consonant consonn
criticize [v] kritiki критиковать kritisieren kritiki kritika bekritiseren, kritiek
hebben op		 critique
deny (say that X is not true) [v] negi отрицать leugnen nei deskonfirma {*} ontkennen, tegensprechen nege
describe [v] deskribi описывать beschreiben priskribi deskripte beschrijven describ
dictionary lexikon словарь Wörterbuch vortaro lexike woordenboek dictionar
discuss, talk about [v] diskusi обсуждать besprechen (pri)diskuti diskuse discussieren tolk
document dokumenta документ Urkunde dokumento dokumente document document
emphasize, accentuate, stress [v] aksenti акцентировать betonen emfazi emfasa ("stresa" is used with reference to syllables in a word) nadruk leggen op,
benadrukken		 schaddeih
fact (undisputed datum) fakta факт Tatsache fakto faktu(m) feit fact
fiction fiktia фикция, вымысел Dichtung fikcio fiktione verdichting, roman fiction
file (dossier; loose bundle of data) fail файл; досье Akte dosiero, rikordaro   dossier, file dossier, cartia
grammar (rules and structure
of a language)		 gramatika граматика Grammatik gramatiko gramatike grammatica grammatic
history (organized account of
past events), chronicle		 historia история Geschichte historio historie geschiedenis historia
indicate [v] indiki указывать anzeigen indiki indika duiden op, indiceren,
een teken zijn van		 deik
information info, data информация, данные Informationen informoj, datenoj information informatie info(rmation)
insult   оскорбление Beleidigung insulto, ofendo insulta belediging hakara
invite [v] inviti приглашать einladen inviti invita uitnodigen invite
issue, edition (of periodical etc.) chuka выпуск, издание
(журнала и т.д.)		 Nummer, Ausgabe numero kayere uitgave, nummer numer
label etiketa ярлык, этикетка Etikett etikedo   label, etiket citel
language (the verbal
communication technique of a people)		 lingwa язык Sprache lingvo lingue taal lingua
letter (a message written and
mailed)		 leta письмо Brief letero letre brief brev
lie (utter a known falsehood) [v] lugi лгать lügen mensogi mentia liegen, jokken leugh
list lista список Verzeichnis listo liste lijst liste
magazine (periodical publication) jurnal журнал Zeitschrift revuo, gazeto, magazino   tijdschrift magazine
mail (transmit postally) [v] sendi bay meil отправлять почтой abschicken enposxtigi posta posten, verzenden barihd
map (drawing of planet's surface) karta карта (геогр.) Landkarte mapo mape (given in parentheses), karte landkaart map
meaning (semantic content
of a word)		 signifa значение, смысл Sinn, Bedeutung signifo signifikatione {?} betekenis, zin maynen
message (batch of transmitted information) mesaja послание Botschaft komunikajxo, mesagxo mesaje boodschap message
movie, motion picture kino кино Film kino, kinofilmo   film film
name nam имя Name nomo nome naam nam
news, tidings novas новости Nachricht novajxoj, informoj   nieuws, tijding novs
newspaper gaseta газета Zeitung jxurnalo jurnale krant journal
noise (confused/randomized
sound/stimuli)		 shum шум Geräusch bruo bruiso lawaai blosk
note, annotation nota заметка Notiz, Anmerkung noto, piednoto note aantekening, voetnoot note
page (one side of a sheet of
paper in a book)		 paja страница Seite pagxo pagine bladzijde page
photograph foto фотография Photo foto, fotograf(ajx)o fotografure foto(grafie) photo
poem poema поэма Gedicht poemo poeme gedicht poeme
praise, compliment, laud [v] laudi хвалить loben lau~di lauda   laude
print (to copy marks by
pressing inked objects on paper) [v]		 printi печатать drucken presi, printi printa roemen, loven druck
promise (a claim about one's
future actions), pledge		 wada обещание Versprechen promeso promiso drukken promiss
protest, objection protesta протест Protest protesto protesto belofte, afspraak protest
question, query kwesta вопрос Frage demando questione protest question
quote, cite [v] sitati цитировать zitieren citi sita vraag cite
read [v] lekti читать lesen legi lekte citeren leis
record (a cache of information) rekordi записывать Protokoll, Aufzeichnung registro registre lezen recorde
request, ask for [v] demandi, pregi запрашивать, просить bitten um, ersuchen peti   dossier, archief, file,
opname		 beud, prehg
say, tell, express in words [v] shwo сказать sagen diri dikte verzoeken, vragen om sayg
secret [aj] sekret-ney секретный geheim sekreta sekret(i) zeggen secret
sentence (of words) frasa предложение Satz frazo satse geheim phrase
sing [v] gani петь singen kanti kanta zin sehngv
show [v] diki показывать zeigen montri   zingen deik
speak, talk [v] shwo говорить sprechen paroli parla spreken bah
story, report rakonta рассказ Geschichte, Bericht raporto, rakonto rakonte verhaal, verslag storia
suggest, propose
(offer an idea) [v]		 proposi предлагать (идею) vorschlagen sugesti sugeste, proposi aanraden, voorstellen proposen
syllable silaba слог Silbe silabo silabe lettergreep, syllabe syllab
symbol, sign, token simbol символ Sinnbild simbolo simbole, signe teken, symbool symbol
thank (express
gratitude toward) [v]		 danki благодарить danken danki danka danken dank
vocabulary (sum of words
available to a person/people)		 lexika словарный запас,
лексика		 Wortschatz vortprovizo vokablaro woordenschat,
vocabulaire		 vocabular
voice vos голос Stimme vocxo voise stem voc
vowel   гласный (не согласный) Selbstlaut, Vokal vokalo vokale klinker voyel
warn [v] warni предупреждать warnen averti   waarschuwen warn
word worda слово Wort vorto vorte {1928 version},
vorde {1930 version}, vokable		 woord werd
write [v] skribi писать schreiben skribi skripte schrijven scrib
ATHLETICS, GAMES SPORTA СПОРТ
game (a rule-governed system
of competitive amusement)		 geim игра Spiel ludo lude spel leik
game, match (one particular
encounter between competitors)		 mach матч Partie matcxo, partio mache wedstrijd, manche,
kamp		 ernu; match
athletics (games involving
physical skill), sports		 atletika атлетика Athletik sportoj {atleti ludes?} atletiek athletique
score (the tally of points
in a competition)		 puntanamba счёт Punktzahl poentaro   score score
umpire, referee, official judista судья Schiedsrichter jugxanto, arbitracianto arbitrere scheidsrechter arbitrager
ball (spheroidal plaything) bol мяч Ball pilko bule bal ball
bat, stick, racket/racquet
(any ball-hitting tool)		 bater, stik бита Schläger batilo bastone {?} knuppel, slaghout,
stick, racket		 gazd
ski ski лыжа Schi skiilo, skio ski ski ski
               
baseball besbol бейсбол Baseball basbalo, basbalpilko   honkball baseball
basketball basketabol баскетбол Korbball korbopilko   basketball basquetball
football (association f~), soccer futbol футбол Fussball futbalo   voetbal football
football (American/tackle f~) usa-ney futbol американский футбол   usona piedpilkludo     tackel football
gymnastics gimnastika гимнастика Gymnastik gimnastiko gimnastike gymnastiek gymnastique
hockey hokey хоккей Hockey hokeo   hockey hockey
pool, billiards biliar биллиард Billiard bilardo biliarde biljart billiard
tennis tenis теннис Tennis teniso tenise Tennis tennis
chess shahmat шахматы Schach sxako shake schaak schakh
               
play, recreate, frolic [v] plei играть spielen, Spass machen ludi [vi] luda spelen leik
IDENTITY SAMITAA ОДИНАКОВОСТЬ
same, identical [aj] same тот же самый selbe, gleich sama sam(i), identi zelfde sam
similar [aj] simile похожий ähnlich simila simil(i) soortgelijk simil(ar)
different [aj] farka-ney отличный, разный verschieden malsama, malsimila diferanti verschillend different
other, another [aj/pn] otre другой andere alia altri [aj], altre(-o, -a) [pn] ander, andere alter/alyo
change (become/make
different), vary [v]		 shanji менять(ся) verändern sxangxi [vt], sxangxigxi [vi], varii chanja veranderen change
imitate, mimic [v] imitati имитировать nachmachen imiti imita, mima nabootsen imite
original, non-imitative [aj] original-ney подлинный,
оригинальный		 ursprünglich originala original oorspronkelijk original
prototype, exemplar,
archetype, model (for all Xs)		 prototip прототип Urbild prototipo exemplere, modele prototype, model prototype
copy (a duplicate) kopia копия Nachbildung, Duplikat kopio, ekzemplero kopie, duplikate copie copie
NUMERALS NAMBA-WORDA ЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫЕ
zero [num] nol ноль Null nulo sero nul zero
one [num] un один eins unu un, uni (emphatic) een oin
two [num] dwa два zwei du du twee dwo
three [num] tri три drei tri tri drie tri
four [num] char четыре vier kvar quar vier quar
five [num] pet пять funf kvin sink vijf penk(we)
six [num] sit шесть sechs ses six zes six
seven [num] sem семь sieben sep sep {1928}, set {1930} zeven sept(a)
eight [num] ot восемь acht ok ok {1928}, ot {1930} acht oct(o)
nine [num] nin девять neun nau~ nin negen nev
ten [num] shi десять zehn dek dek tien dec
hundred [num] sto сто hunderd cent sent honderd cent(om)
thousand [num] mil тысяча tausend mil mil duizend mil
million [num] milion миллион Million miliono milione millioen million
               
half (1/2) [num] haf половина halb duono duime helft dwodel
QUANTITY KWANTITAA КОЛИЧЕСТВО
quantity (amount / number /
magnitude)		 kwantitaa количество Menge, Quantität kvanto quantitate kwantiteit quantitat
number, numeral (a word or
symbol indicating quantity)		 namba, sifra число, цифра Nummer, Zahl numeralo, numero, cifero nombre nummer, getal numer, ciffer
count, enumerate [v] konti считать zählen nombri konta tellen conte, lehg
measure [v] meji измерять messen mezuri mesura meten meid
ratio, rate, proportion proporsion пропорция Verhältnis proporcio proportione verhouding ratio, proportion
add, append, join so as to
cause an increase [v]		 adi, aditi добавлять; складывать hinzufügen, addieren aldoni, adicii adi toevoegen add(eih)
remove, subtract, take away,
delete [v]		 subtragi вычитать entfernen, subtrahieren depreni, subtrahi subtrakte afnemen, verplaatsen substrag
increase (become or make
greater in quantity) [v]		 fa-mucho, kresi увеличивать(ся) vermehren plimultigi, plimultigxi kreska [vn], fika ... kreska [vt] aangroeien crehsc/creisc
decrease (become or make
lesser in quantity) [v]		 fa-shao, dekresi уменьшать(ся) reduzieren, verringern malplimultigi, malplimultigxi deskreska {?} minderen, afnemen descrehsc/descreisc
multiply [v] multipliki умножать multiplizieren obligi, multipliki multisa, multiplika vermenigvuldigen multiplie
divide [v] dividi делить teilen dividi divise, parta deelen divid
total, sum, aggregate suma сумма Gesamtsumme sumo, totalo sume totaal summ
rest (of ...), remainder,
leftovers, remnant		 resta остаток Rest cetero, restajxo seterum rest reste; etiloikw
whole, entire, complete [aj] tote целый ganz tuta, entuta integri, komplet(i) geheel hol
               
all (the whole number or entire
sum of) [aj]		 oli все all, ganz cxiuj toti (the whole of), omni (every) al, alle quant
many (a large number of) [aj] mucho многие viele multaj multi [aj], multes [pn] veel maung
few (a small number of) [aj] shao немногие wenige malmultaj, kelkaj poki [aj], pokes [pn] weinig pau
               
much (a large quantity of) [aj] mucho много viel multe (da), multo multi [aj], multum [pn] veel maung
more (a larger quantity of) [aj] pyu Сольше mehr pli (multe da), pli (multaj) plu [av] meer meis
most (the largest quantity of) [aj] maiste наибольший meist, die meisten la plimulto, la plejmulto, la pliparto, la plejparto maxim meest meist
little (a small quantity of) [aj] shao мало wenig [aj], bisschen [pn] iomete (da) poki [aj], pokum [pn] beetje [n] pauk
less (a smaller quantity of) [aj] meno меньше weniger malpli (multe) (da), malplimulto min minder minter
least (the smallest quantity of) [aj] minim наименьший mindeste malplej (multe) (da) minim   minst
               
part parta часть Teil parto parte deel part, deil
piece (a part broken/cut/
separated from something larger)		 pes кусок Stück peco piese stuk schtuk, piece
section, segment (a part
somehow different/separated from others)		 duan отрезок Abschnitt sekcio, segmento sektione, segmente snijding section, segment
allocation, allotment, portion
(someone's share of X)		 porsion порция Zuteilung porcio portione toewijzen portion
               
group grupa группа Gruppe grupo grupe groep grupp
batch (quantity of things done/ produced at one time) lot партия (напр.товара) Schub, Satz kolekto, fornpleno   baksel wakel
bundle, bunch (group of things
tied or grouped together)		 fasia, pak, pila связка, пачка, стопка Bündel fasko, pako bundle bos, bundel bindell, fasc
majority maiste parta, maistitaa большинство Mehrheit plimulto, pliparto, majoritato majoritate meerderheid majoritat
minority minim parta, minimtaa меньшинство Minderheit malplimulto, malpliparto, minoritato minoritate minderheid minoritat
               
density densitaa плотность Dichte denseco denseso {*}, densitate {*} dichtheid densitat
dense (of much density),
concentrated, thick, intense [aj]		 dense густой, плотный dicht densa densi dicht, intens dense
rarefied, tenuous, diffuse,
dilute, sparse, wispy [aj]		 nodense, feble разреженный, слабый verdünnt, spärlich,
schwach		 maldensa tenu(i) schaars, dun skider
               
full, filled [aj] fule полный voll plena plen(i) vol plen
empty [aj] vakue пустой leer malplena vakui leeg tuich
DEGREE GRADA СТЕПЕНЬ
degree (the extent/intensity/
scope of an action/condition/relation)		 grada, gradus степень, градус Grad grado, kiomo gradu graad, mate grad
               
at least, not less than (>=) [av] amini по меньшей мере zum mindesten almenau~ aminim ten minste minst-ye
at most, only, just, merely,
not more than (<=) [av]		 amaxi самое большее nicht mehr als nur, ne pli ol amaxim hoogstens megst-ye
               
much, very (to a large degree;
with great intensity) [av]		 muy, gro очень, чрезвычайно viel multe, tre tre zeer, erg meg, baygh
more (to a larger degree) [av] pyu более, больше mehr pli, plimulte plu meer meis
most (to the largest degree) [av] zuy наиболее meist plej, plejmulte maxim   meist
little (to a small degree; with
almost no intensity) [av]		 shao мало wenig malmulte pokim meest pau
less (to a smaller degree) [av] meno менее, меньше kleiner, weniger malpli, malplimulte min amper min(s), minter
least (to the smallest degree) [av] minim наименее am wenigsten malplej, malplejmulte minim minder minst
            minst  
enough, sufficiently [av] basta, sufi-shem хватит, достаточно genug suficxe sat genoeg sat, kafi
almost, nearly [av] hampi почти fast preskau~ preske bijna quasi
too much, excessively [av] tro слишком, чересчур zu viel tro tro   pior
too little, insufficiently [av] tro shao слишком мало zu wenig maltro, nesuficxe tro pokim   pior pau
DIMENSION, DIRECTION DIMENSION, DIREKSION
size (degree of largeness or
smallness)		 grantaa, sais величина, размер Grösse grandeco grandeso grootte mege
               
huge, enormous, gigantic [aj] gro-gran огромный ungeheuer, riesig grandega, enorma grandisi, enormi kolossaal enorm
big, large (of much size) [aj] gran большой gross granda grandi groot megil, mier
small (of little size) [aj] syao маленький klein malgranda mikri klein smulk
tiny, minuscule [aj] tanike крошечный winzig malgrandega, eta mikrisi {*} miniem micri
               
expand, grow [v] kresi расти ausbreiten, wachsen kreski kreska uitzetten crehsc
shrink, contract [v] dekresi уменьшаться,
сжиматься		 einlaufen malkreski deskreska {*} krimpen schrehnk
               
distance (amount of space
from X to Y)		 distansia расстояние Entfernung, Ferne distanco, interspaco disto, distantia afstand distance
far (at / to a great distance) dale далёкий fern, entfernt fora, dista, malproksima ferni, distanti [aj], fernim [av] ver dalg
near (at / to a little distance) blise близкий nahe proksima proximi [aj], proximu [av] na prosch
               
present (existing in the
indicated place; contra-absent) [aj]		 presente присутствующий anwesend cxeestanta presenti tegenwoordig bij present
absent [aj] absente отсутствующий abwesend forestanta, mankanta absent(i) afwezig absent
place, location loko место Lage loko loke oord lok
               
length (distance from one end
to the other)		 longitaa длина Länge longeco longeso {*}, longitate {*} lengte longe
long (of much length) [aj] longe длинный lang longa longi lang long
short (of little length) [aj] kurte короткий kurz mallonga kurti kort cort
               
width (degree of wideness or
narrowness)		 chauritaa ширина Breite largxeco, vasteco larjeso {*}, larjitate {*} breedte wure
wide, broad (of space between objects) [aj] chaure широкий breit largxa, vasta larji wijd, breed weur
narrow, of little width (of space between objects) [aj] tange узкий eng mallargxa, malvasta angusti, streti nauw angh
               
thickness (of a solid object, etc.) grositaa толщина Dicke dikeco dikeso {*}, dikitate {*}   tuge
thick, fat (large from one
surface to the opposite surface) [aj]		 grose толстый dick dika diki dik teug
thin, slender (small from one
surface to the opposite surface) [aj]		 dine тонкий dunn, slank maldika tenu(i) dun teun
               
height (distance from ground /
baseline to top)		 gaotaa высота Höhe alteco alteso {*}, altitate {*} hoogte hoge
high, tall (of much height) [aj] gao высокий hoch, lang alta alti hoog hog
low, short (not tall; of little
height) [aj]		 nise низкий niedrig malalta basi laag ghem
               
depth (distance from ground /
baseline down to bottom)		 glubitaa глубина Tiefe profundeco profundeso diepte dube
deep, profound (of much depth) [aj] glube глубокий tief profunda profundi diep deub
shallow (of little depth) [aj] chyen мелкий seicht malprofunda desprofundi {*} ondiep plask
               
horizontal [aj] horisontale горизонтальный horizontal horizontala horisontal horizontaal horizontal
vertical [aj] vertikale вертикальный senkrecht vertikala vertikal verticaal vertical
diagonal, slanted [aj] oblikue косой diagonal oblikva diagonal(i) diagonaal skeng, oblique
sloped, inclined/declined
(not horizontal) [aj]		 inklini-ney наклонённый geneigt klina, dekliva inklinanti glooiend incline(t/n)
               
angle (the relation of two lines
radiating from a point)		 angula угол Winkel angulo angule hoek angle
position (location relative to
others)		 posision позиция Lage pozicio positione ligging, positie position
region, area (a quantity of
space within boundaries)		 region регион, область Gegend areo, regiono regione; area streek region
space, room, void spas пространство Raum spaco spatie ruimte reus
connection, joint, junction konekta, liga связь Verbindung, Verknüpfung ligo, kunligigxo, konekto, jungo konektione verbinding connection, dyemen
environment, surroundings,
context		 lo sirkum, milyoo окружающее Umwelt, Umgebung cxirkau~ajxo, medio   omgeving ambient
               
front avana перёд Stirn antau~o fronte (used for both "forehead"
and "fore part" of anything!)		 voorzijde front
rear, back part of baka зад Hinterseite malantau~o reverse achterkant caud
side, flank, lateral area flanka, taraf бок, сторона Seite flanko, latero flanke zijde flank, gon
middle, center mida середина Mitten mezo, centro sentre midden medio
top, peak, summit uupara, sima верх, верхушка Oberteil, Wipfel supro, pinto kulmine, somite top topp
bottom nicha низ Boden malsupro funde bodem bund
edge borda край Rand, Schneide rando borde rand leizd
point, spike nok кончик, остриё Spitze pinto punte   point
inner, internal, interior [aj] inen-ney внутренний inner interna interni binnen inner
outer, exterior, external [aj] ausen-ney внешний äusser ekstera extri buiten uder
limit, boundary limita предел, граница Grenze limo limite grens lim(it)
find (discover the location of) [v] findi находить finden trovi trova vinden trehv
misplace (lose; become
unable to find) [v]		 lusi терять verlieren misloki perda misplaatsen leus
               
direction (orientation of motion) direksion направление Richten direkto direktione richting direction
up [av] uupar вверх aufwärts supren   op ub
down [av] nich вниз herunter malsupren   beneden ghom
               
north norda север Nord nordo nord noorden nord
south suda юг Süd sudo sud zuiden sud
east esta восток Ost oriento est oosten eust
west westa запад West okcidento vest westen west
               
right(-hand) [aj] desne правый recht dekstra dextri rechter dex(ter)
left(-hand) [aj] lefte левый linke maldekstra, liva {rare} lefti linker lev(ter)
               
away (from this or that place)
[av]		 wek прочь weg, fort for frou weg wayt
back (to previous place /
condition) [av]		 bak назад zurück reen, reire, revene retro terug tsay
inverted, upside-down [aj] nicha-uupar вверх ногами verkehrt inversa inversi onderste-boven ubghom
backward (in reverse order) [av] reversem в противоположную
сторону		 rückwärts malantau~en   achterwaarts regvworts
direct, immediate (with no
intermediaries or obstacles) [aj]		 direkte непосредственный gerade rekta, senpera direkti rechtstreeks direct
serpentine, meandering,
convoluted [aj]		 serpenti-she извилистый gewunden serpentuma, serpentanta sinuosi   sinueus
               
city urba город Stadt urbo, metropolo urbe stad urb
village vilaja деревня Dorf vilagxo, urbeto vilaje dorp village
rural area, countryside agralanda сельская местность Land kamparo rure platteland rur
MOTION
source, origin sursa источник Quelle fonto, origino, deveno fonte, origine bron surce
route, path, course dao, ruta путь, маршрут Bahn, Weg vojo rute, vie weg, route paund, drom, itner
destination gola цель Bestimmung destino, celo destinatione bestemming destination
               
aim (to point/direct X toward Y) [v] goli целиться zielen celi ema (= aim at) mikken ziel
attract [v] atrakti привлекать anziehen allogi, altiri atrakte aanlokken attrag
avoid, evade, keep away from [v] eviti избегать vermeiden eviti evita vermijden vergeih
barrier, obstacle obstakla препятствие Hindernis baro bare hek, hinderpaal obstacle
base, node, station (point
from which things go or are done)		 basa, stasion база, станция Station bazo base, statione honk, base, station base, station
bring (cause something to
come along with one toward a place) [v]		 bringi приносить bringen alporti, venigi, kunpreni,
kunporti		 porta brengen brinegh
capture, seize [v] kapti хватать fangen kapti, ekkapti [vt] kapta vangen kap
carry (move while supporting) [v] porti нести tragen porti porta dragen behr
come, arrive (at indicated place) [v] lai, arivi приходить, прибывать kommen, ankommen veni, alveni veni, ariva komen gwehm, arrive
drift; wander [v] floti; wandi дрейфовать;
бродить, блуждать		 treiben, wandern vagi drifta dwalen dreiv, wander
drive, impel, propel [v] pushi толкать, приводить
в движение		 antreiben peli pusha aandrijven pusc, propulg
emit (to send out any form
of matter/energy in any manner) [v]		 emisi, mah-chu испускать ausströmen eligi emise uitzenden emitt
enter, go into [v] zin входить hereinkommen eniri, enveni envada binnentreden entre
escape, flee from [v] eskapi убежать, ускользнуть entgehen fugxi, eskapi eskapa ontvluchten skap
fly (move through the air) [v] flai летать fleigen flugi vola [?] vliegen pleuk
forward, ahead [av] avan вперёд vorwarts antau~e(-n) devanu voorwaarts perodh
gather, collect (bring or come
together) [v]		 jami собирать(ся) einsammeln kolekti, kunigi, kunvenigi kolekte vergaren [vt], vergaderen [vi] sammel
go (move from starting point
to elsewhere) [v]		 go идти gehen iri vada gaan gwah, eih
journey, trip, voyage safara путешествие, поездка Fahrt vojagxo voyaje reis safer
leave, depart, go away from [v] departi отъезжать, уезжать lassen foriri, lasi, forlasi [vt] departa verlaten linekw, fortrehc
load, burden loda нагрузка Ladung sxargxo {prob. derived from charja = load [v]} last onos, behrmen
meet, encounter, come across [v] miti встречать(ся) treffen renkonti renkontra ontmoeten trehv, incontre
miss, fail to hit/reach/see etc. [v] fali промахнуться;
не удаваться		 fehlen maltrafi falia missen, misschieten miss, leips
move (engage in motion /
cause to engage in motion) [v]		 muvi двигаться bewegen movi [vt] mova bewegen, zich bewegen mov
put, place, translocate [v] pon, plasi положить stellen meti, transloki posi stellen, zetten posen, place
reach, extend as far as [v] ateni достигать reichen atingi, etendigxi extense a bereiken nak
release (quit keeping/
restraining) [v]		 lasi отпускать entlassen ellasi, liberigi liberisa {?} loslaten sleu
remain, stay [v] resti оставаться bleiben resti [vi] resta blijven (re)man
repel [v] repeli отталкивать, отбрасывать zurückschlagen, abstossen forpusxi, repeli (drive back) repulse terugdrijven repulg
restrain, inhibit, hold back [v] reteni удерживать zurückhalten inhibicii, bridi, reteni retena bedwingen, remmen dar, enderwaurg
retrieve, fetch (go to X
and bring it back) [v]		   сходить за holen reporti rekupera terugbrengen retrehv, van
return (go or send back to
previous place/condition) [v]		 returni, lai bak вернуться zurückkehren reveni, revenigi, reiri retrovada, retrosenda terugkomen, teruggaan reik
ride (sit/perch in/on a
vehicle/horse/etc. and travel) [v]		 raki ехать (на чём-л.) reiten veturi, rajdi vehikla rijden reid
roll (move like a ball/cylinder
by turning over and over) [v]		 roli катить, перекатывать rollen ruligxi [vi] rula rollen roll
send, dispatch, transmit [v] sendi посылать senden sendi senda zenden yeis
slide, slip, glide [v] glidi скользить gleiten gliti glida uitglijden sleid
stretch, extend [v] extendi протянуть(ся),
вытянуть(ся)		 strecken etendi extense rekken, strekken extend
turn, divert (send in a different
direction) [v]		 turni поворачивать kehren devojigi, turni [vt] turna afwenden wehrt, touren
turn, rotate, revolve [v] roti вращаться drehen turni [vt], turnigxi [vi], (rotacii, rivolui) turna, rota draaien kwehl
visit [v] visiti посещать besuchen viziti visita bezoeken visite
VEHICLES, ETC. VIKLA
airplane, aircraft avion самолёт Flugzeug aviadilo, aeroplano avie luchthaven plav
bicycle bisikla (baik) велосипед Fahrrad biciklo bisikle fiets cip(ed)
boat bota лодка Boot boato bote boot boot
bus bus автобус Bus au~tobuso, buso {colloquial} omnibuse autobus bus
canal, channel, ditch kanal, handak канал; ров, канава Kanal kanalo kanale kanaal canal, channel
car, automobile (wheeled
motor vehicle)		 auto автомобиль Auto, Wagen au~tomobilo, au~to {colloquial} automobile auto auto(mobil), wogh,
carr
cart, carriage, wagon (wheeled vehicle; not self-propelled) gari, vagon повозка, телега; вагон; колесница Karren vagono, cxaro chare wagon wogh, carr(ett)
motorcycle motosikla (moto) мотоцикл Motorrad motorciklo   motorfiets motorciped
port porta порт Hafen haveno portu haven port
railroad ferdao железная дорога Eisenbahn fervojo relvie, fervie spoorweg railvia
road kamina дорога Weg, Strasse vojo vie landweg strad, drom
rocket raketa ракета Rakete rakedo rakete raket raketa
ship ship корабль Schiff sxipo shipe schip nav
street gata улица Strasse strato strade straat strad
train (of railroad) tren поезд Zug trajno, vagonaro trene trein train
truck {British: lorry}
(motor vehicle for cargo-carrying)		 kamion грузовик Lastwagen kamiono, sxargxau~to kamione vrachtauto onwogh, camion
vehicle vikla транспортное средство Fahrzug veturilo vehikle voertuig vehicule
TIME AND SEQUENCE TAIM, SEKWO ВРЕМЯ, ПОСЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬНОСТЬ
age (degree of oldness /
youngness)		 yash возраст Alter agxo aje leeftijd iete
young (of little age; having
existed/lived for a brief time) [aj]		 yunge молодой jung juna yun(i) jong yun
old (of much age; having
existed/lived for a long time) [aj]		 lao старый alt maljuna, agxa old(i), ansieni oud veut
new, novel, recent (having
been known for a brief time) [aj]		 nove новый neu nova nov(i) nieuw nov
old (of long standing; having
been known for a long time) [aj]		 lao старый alt malnova old(i), ansieni oud veut
               
permanent, perpetual [aj] permanente, eterne перманентный, вечный dauernd konstanta, nesxangxigxema,
dau~ra, cxiama		 permananti, perpetual bestendig permanent, perpetual
constant, invariant, stable [aj] konstante, stay постоянный, неизменный beständig konstanta, nevarianta, stabila konstanti standvastig, constant constant
temporary, transient [aj] taimike временный zeitweilig malkonstanta, provizora,
portempa		 efemeri {?} tijdelijk tsan
               
interval (quantity of time
between events X and Y)		 interval интервал Abstand intervalo, periodo, intertempo intervale tussentijd intervall
irregular, sporadic,
intermittent [aj]		 buregulare нерегулярный,
перемежающийся		 unregalmässig neregula, foja, sporada, lau~okaza intermitenti, okasional sporadisch,
intermitterend		 irregular
regular, periodic (at uniform
intervals) [aj]		 regulare, periodike регулярный,
периодический		 regalmässig regula periodi regelmatig regular, periodic
rhythm ritma ритм Rhythmus ritmo ritme ritmus rythme
               
time (e.g. "do it 3 times"),
occasion, instance, iteration		 ves раз Mal fojo foye {-foy in adverbs,
e. g. trifoy = 3 times}		 maal, keer ker
again, once more, re- [av] snova снова noch einmal ree, refoje, denove altrifoy weder iter
alternate, take turns (do X
then Y then X then Y) [v]		 alterni чередоваться,
сменяться		 wechseln alterni [vi] alterna afwisselen alterne
cycle (one complete
performance of a periodic process)		 sikla цикл Periode ciklo sikle cyclus cycle
               
frequency (degree of
oftenness or seldomness)		 frekwensa частота Häufigkeit ofteco frequenteso {*}, frequentitate {*} frequentie frequence
frequently, often [av] oftem часто häufig, oft ofte frequentim {*} vaak ops
seldom, rarely [av] rarem редко selten malofte rarim {*} zelden rar-ye
               
duration (amount of time
consumed)		 dura длительность Dauer, Zeit dau~ro {would be formed from dura =
to last, endure, continue}		 duur duren
long (of much duration) [aj] longe, longtaim-ney долгий, длительный lange longa, longdau~ra longitem langdurig long; diuturn
short, brief (of little duration) [aj] kurte короткий, недолгий kurz mallonga, mallongdau~ra kurtitem {*} beknopt, kort cort, bragv
               
gradual [aj] graduale постепенный stufenweise, allmählich iompostioma, grada, lau~grada gradual geleidelijk gradual
sudden, abrupt [aj] turan-ney, abrupte внезапный, резкий plötzlich subita subit(i), abrupti plotseling stayg, abrupt
               
begin, commence, start [v] begin, starti начать; стартовать anfangen, beginnen komenci [vt], komencigxi [vi] komensa, starta beginnen inkap, start
continue, keep on doing/being [v] kontinu, zwo for продолжать fortfahren zu ... dau~rigi [vt], dau~rigxi [vi] kontinua voortzetten continue, na-
pause, hesitate, suspend
action temporarily [v]		 pausi приостановить pausieren pau~zi, heziti pausa, hesita pauzeren pause
end, conclude, finish [v] fini закончить enden [vi], beended [vt] fini [vt], finigxi [vi] fina eindigen fineih, end
cease, stop doing, quit [v] stopi прекратить aufhören cxesigi [vt], cxesi [vi] sesa ophouden chii
delay, retard, tarry, postpone [v] ajorni отложить; затянуть verzögern prokrasti, malrapidigi, malakceli tardisa uitstellen akhire
rush, hurry, hasten [v] hasti спешить eilen, beschleunigen hasti, rapidi hasta snellen hast
               
period, era, epoch perioda, epoka период, эпоха Zeitrechnung, Epoche periodo, epoko periode, ere, epoke tijdperk periode, tid
moment, an instant momenta момент, миг Augenblick momento momente, instante ogenblik moment
               
always (at all times) [av] sempre всегда immer cxiam, cxiame sempre altijd semper
ever (at any time) [av] enives когда бы то ни было jemals iam ajn irgitem ooit aiw(o)
never [av] neva никогда nie neniam nul(i)tem nooit naiw(o)
               
time (the dimension/continuum
of past-present-future)		 taim время Zeit tempo tempe tijd wakt
past (the p~), earlier time pasiwat прошлое Vergangenheits pasinteco, estinteco, iso   verleden prev
present (the present time;
the now)		 lo nau настоящее Gegenwart estanteco, nuntempo, nuno presente het heden present
future (the f~) futur будущее Zukunft estonteco, oso future toekomst future
               
already (prior to the
time mentioned) [av]		 yo уже schon jam ja, anteu reeds, al ja
still, yet (even until the time
mentioned) [av]		 haishi ещё, пока noch, schon ankorau~ ankore nog dar; bad
               
yesterday [av] yeri вчера Gestern hierau~ yer gisteren ghes
today [av] sedey сегодня Heute hodiau~ disdi vandaag hoyd
tomorrow [av] manya завтра Morgen morgau~ morge morgen cras
               
long ago (in the far past) [av] longtaim bak, davem давно vor langem antau~longe longim anteu {?}   diust
recently (in the near past) [av] nodavem недавно vor kurzem lastatempe, antau~nelonge resentim onlangs nuper
now (at this time) [av] nau теперь jetzt nun, nuntempe nun nu nun
soon (in the near future) [av] sun вскоре bald baldau~, postnelonge bald, proxitem spoedig mox
eventually (in the far future) [av] aften впоследствии,
со временем		 im Laufe der Zeit forestonte, finfine, postlonge longim aftru {?}   serter
               
early, premature [aj/av] rane, premature преждевременный,
ранний		 vorzeitig frua, frue, antau~matura frui [aj], fruim[av] (= early),
prematuri		 vroeg aus, prematur
timely, prompt, on time [av/aj] byen, hao-taim-ney своевременный zeitig gxustatempe [av], gxustatempa [aj]   op de juiste tijd tid-ye, prompt
late, tardy [aj/av] tarde запоздалый, поздний spät malfrua, malfrue tardi [aj], tardim [av] laat sert
               
speed, velocity (degree of
fastness or slowness)		 kwaytaa скорость Geschwindigkeit rapideco, velocito rapideso, rapiditate {*} snelheid speud
quickly, rapidly, swiftly
(with much speed) [av]		 kway быстро schnell rapide rapidim vlug, snel, gauw oku
slowly (with little speed) [av] lentem медленно langsam malrapide lentim langzaam lent-ye
               
series (a number of similar
things following one another)		 seria серия Reihe serio serie serie, reeks serie
sequence, order (temporal
arrangement of events in a series)		 sekwa, ordina последовательность Reihenfolge sinsekvo, ordo ordine volgorde sequence, orden
last, final (after all others) [aj] laste последний letzte fina, lasta lasti laatste senter/senst
               
prior, preceding, previous,
contra-next [aj]		 presedi-she предшествующий vorhergehend antau~a presedant(i) {*} voorafgaand preceddent, prever
next (coming immediately
after; "tomorrow" = the next day) [aj]		 sekwi-she, lai-she следующий nächste posta, sekvanta sekuent(i) naast niebst
               
season seson сезон Jahreszeit sezono sesone jaargetijde saison
spring (the season) vesna весна Frühling printempo printempe lente (pirm)wer
summer saif лето Sommer somero somre zomer lient
autumn, fall oton осень Herbst au~tuno autumne herfst osyern
winter hima зима Winter vintro vintre winter ghim, winter
               
century sekla век Jahrhundert jarcento, centjaro sekle, yarsente eeuw secule
year yar год Jahr jaro yare jaar yar
month mes месяц Monat monato monate {1928}, mensu {1930} maand munt
week wik неделя Woche semajno semani week hevd
               
day (24-hour period) dey день (сутки) Tag tago, tagnokto die dag dien
date (coordinates of a day
given in some timekeeping system)		 datum дата Datum dato datum datum tarikhe
day (daytime -- as opposed
to night), diurnal period		 (luma)dey день (светлое время) Tag tago jorne dag dien
night nocha ночь Nacht nokto nokte nacht noct
morning (dawn to noon) sabah утро Morgen mateno, antau~tagmezo matine morgen aghyern
noon middey полдень Mittag tagmezo medidie middag middien
afternoon (noon to dusk) taim afte middey время после полудня Nachmittag postagmezo   namiddag posmiddien
evening (dusk to midnight) aksham вечер abend vespero vespre avond vesper
midnight midnocha полночь Mitternacht noktomezo medinokte middernacht midnoct
graveyard shift, middle of the
night (midnight to dawn)		 taim afte midnocha время после полуночи Vormorgen postnoktomezo {?}     posmidnoct
               
hour (60 minutes) ora час Uhr horo hore uur hor
minute (60 seconds) minuta минута Minute minuto minute minuut minute
second (1/60th of a minute) sekunda секунда Sekunde sekundo sekunde seconde secund
               
holiday festa, bugundey праздник; выходной Feiertag festotago feste {?} vacantiedag fest, feria
sabbath (day of week with
religious significance)		   день отдохновения;
шабат		 Sabbat pregxtago, sabato sabate sabbat  
               
wait (for), await [v] weiti ждать warten (auf) atendi [vt] varta wachten (op)  
SUBSTANCES, MATERIALS SUBSTANSA, MATERIAL ВЕЩЕСТВА, МАТЕРИАЛЫ
air aira воздух Luft aero aere lucht air
alcohol alkohol алкоголь Alkohol alkoholo, alkoholajxo alkokole alcohol alcohol
ash pepla пепел, зола, прах Asche cindro   as asch
brass (copper-zinc alloy) latun латунь Messing latuno latone geelkoper massing, latun
carbon karbon углерод Kohlenstoff karbono karbo koolstof carbon
chalk kreta мел Kreide kreto krete krijt kreid
chemical (substance made
by or used in chemistry)		 kemike substansa химикат Chemikalien kemiajxo kemial substantie {?} chemicaliлn [plur] chemical
clay glina глина Ton argilo argile klei loid
cloth, fabric (material made
of threads)		 kapra ткань, материя Stoff, Gewebe tolo texatum doek woibh
coal gual уголь Kohle terkarbo karbone kool ghiul
copper kuprum медь Kupfer kupro kupre koper cuper, glaugh
dirt, earth (tangible), soil grunta почва Erde grundo krase grond ardh, (di)ghom
dust polva пыль Staub polvo polve stof duil
element (substance of
irreducible simplicity)		 elementa элемент Urstoff elemento elemente grondstof element
fat (oily/greasy material from
animal adipose tissue or plant seeds)		 fet жир Fett graso grasu(m) vet smeru, selp
fuel jalka топливо Brennmaterial brulajxo   brandstof fiull
glass glas стекло Glas vitro vitre glas glass
gold (the precious metal) golda золото Gold oro ore goud gold
ice ais лёд Eis glacio glasie ijs glehdj
ink tinta чернила Tinte inko inke inkt tint
iron fer железо Eisen fero fere ijzer sider
jade (the tough green gemstone)   нефрит Jade jado   jade, nefriet jade
jewel, gem yuwel драгоценный камень Juwel jxuvelo, gemo juvele juweel joyel
lead (the metal) plumbum свинец Blei plumbo plumbe lood plumbh
leather (prepared hide) piga кожа (материал) Leder ledo ledre leer lieter
medicine (substance that
makes one healthy)		 farmak, lekika лекарство, медикамент Medizin medikamento medikamente medicijn pharmac
metal metal металл Metall metalo metale metaal metall
mineral, ore mineral; kwanshi минерал; руда Mineral, Erz mineralo; erco minerale mineraal ruyd, charp
mud kicha грязь Schlamm koto mude slijk mudh, slamm
neon neon неон Neon neono   neon neon
nitrogen nitrogen азот Stickstoff nitrogeno nitrogene stikstof nitrogen
oil (a combustible fatty liquid
that will not mix with water)		 olea масло öl oleo olie olie ol
oil (crude oil), petroleum nafta нефть Erdöl nafto, kruda petrolo petrolie petroleum naft
oxygen oxigen кислород Sauerstoff oksigeno oxe, oxigene zuurstof oxygen
paint pinta краска Farbe farbo   verf poig
paper papir бумага Papier papero papere papier papier
plastic (synthetic/processed
moldable material)		 plastik пластмасса Kunststoff plastiko {As the dictionary was composed in 1930, no word was created} plastic plastic
poison, toxin toxin яд Gift veneno venene vergif poison, toxin
potassium kalium калий Kalium kalio kali(um) kalium potassium, kalium
quartz kwarza кварц Quarz kvarco quartse kwarts quartz
rock, stone ston камень Stein sxtono petre (substance), stone (individual item) steen, rots petra
rubber guma резина Gummi kau~cxuko kauchuke rubber cauchouk
salt solta соль Salz salo sale zout sald
sand ramla песок Sand sablo sande zand sand
silk silka шёлк Seide silko silke zijde silk
silver (the metal) argenta серебро Silber argxento arjente zilver argwrnt
soap sabun мыло Seife sapo sapone zeep sapun
sodium natrium натрий Natrium natrio natrium natrium natrium
steam vapor пар Dampf vaporo stime, vapore stoom steum
steel stal сталь Stahl sxtalo stale staal stal
sulfur sulfa сера Schwefel sulfuro sulfre zwavel swelpel
tar (dark viscous liquid
obtained by destructive distillation)		 katran гудрон Teer gudro asfalte {?} teer katran
tin (the metal) tin жесть Zinn stano stane tin stin
water akwa вода Wasser akvo aque water wed; aqua
wax waxa воск Wachs vakso vaxe was wox
wood (the substance) ligna девесина Holz ligno ligne hout dreu
wool mao шерсть Wolle lano lane wol wuln(a)
FOODSTUFFS, ETC. FAN ЕДА
beer bira пиво Bier biero bire bier bir(a)
bitter [aj] karwe горький bitter, streng amara bitri bitter bitter
bread pan хлеб Brot pano pane brood dvan
butter nayu масло слив. Butter butero butre boter butter
cheese kes сыр Käse fromagxo kese kaas caise
chocolate shokolat шоколад Schokolade cxokolado chokolate chocolade chocolat
flavor, taste gusta вкус Geschmack gusto guste smaak gust
flour (grain-powder) farina мука Mehl faruno farine meel melv
food fan пища Essen mangxajxo, nutrajxo manjaje voedsel pieut
honey madu мёд Honig mielo honie honing mielt
milk milka молоко Milch lakto milke melk mehlg
pasta, noodles makaron макароны Nudeln pastajxoj {probably would translate as "makaroni"} meelprodukt bakmie
pizza pitsa пицца Pizza pico     pizza
salad salata салат Salat salato salade salade salade
sandwich sandwich бутерброт Sandwich sandvicxo   sandwich sandwich
sausage sosis, sosiskin колбаса, сосиска Wurst, Würstchen kolbaso, kolbaseto sosise worst sossiss
soup sup суп Suppe supo supe soep soup
sour [aj] suan кислый säuerlich acida asidi zuur sour
spice, seasoning masala приправа Gewürtz spico spise specerij, kruiderij spis
sugar sukra сахар Zucker sukero sukre suiker suker
sweet [aj] dolche сладкий süss dolcxa dolsi zoet swadh
vinegar vinegra уксус Essig vinagro vinegre azijn acete
wine vino вино Wein vino vine wijn vin
FORMS OF MATTER FORMA ФОРМЫ
arch arka дуга; арка Bogen arko arke boog, gewelf arche
band, tape, flat strip banda лента; повязка Band bendo, strio ribande, bende band bande, strei, teip
block (solid flat-surfaced
mass of material)		 blok блок Block, Klotz bloko bloke blok block
branch (small part going out
from main part)		 brancha ветка Zweig brancxo branche tak ozd; branche
bump, protrusion balja выпуклость, шишка,
округлый выступ, бугорок		 Beule sxvelajxo, tubero
(on a living thing)		   buil grumb
card (stiff rectangle of material) karta карточка Karte karto karte kaart carte
circle sirkula круг Kreis cirklo sirkle cirkel circule
roll rolika свёрток, рулон Rolle volvajxo   bocht, klos roll; mudra
cone konus конус Kegel, Konus konuso kone kegel, conus cone
crack, fissure krek трещина Spalte, Riss fendo   kraak bidno
cross (perpendicular
intersection of linear items)		 kros крест Kreuz kruco krose kruis cruce
crystal kristal кристалл Kristall kristalo kristale kristal cristall
cube kub куб Würfel kubo kube kubus cube
curve kurva кривая Kurve kurbo kurve kromme kehmb, curve
cylinder silinder цилиндр Zylinder cilindro   cilinder cylinder
dent, nick, indentation hakimarka, holika,
yamakin		 зарубка; углубление, вмятина, выемка Kerbe kaveto, nocxo noche deuk gherb
disk, disc diska диск Scheibe, Platte disko diske schijf, discus disk
drop (of liquid) guta капля Tropfen guto gute druppel ghutt
film (very thin layer) pelikula плёнка, тонкий слой Schicht, Häutchen tavolo filme vlies pellicule
flared (opening up or spreading
out from axis) [aj]		 kel fa-chaure идущий раструбом,
расширяющийся		 glockenförmig Ding,
Bausch		 largxigxajxo   klokken, uitstaan plohder(-t/-n)
foam, froth skuma пена Schaum sxau~mo skume schuim skum
form, shape forma форма Form, Gestalt formo forme vorm forme, skeip
furrow, rut, groove fora борозда, колея Furche, Rinne sulko kanele voor, groef pehrk
garbage, trash, rubbish laza мусор, сор Müll, Abfälle rubajxo, forjxetindajxoj   afval kakwrnt
gas gas газ Gas gaso gase gas gas
helix (any corkscrew-shaped
object)		 vinta винт, винтообразный
предмет		 Schraube,
korkenzieherförmig Ding		 helico helise spiraal(lijn) schrub
hole dun дыра Loch truo tru(e) gat torm
jelly (gelatinous semi-solid
material), gel		 jelee, gel желе, гель Gallerte gelateno, gxelo jeli gelei gelee, gel
juice (fluid extracted from
something)		 jus сок Saft suko suke sap juce
layer sloy слой Lage, Schicht tavolo strate laag lyegher, schikht
line (series of contiguous points) linia линия Linie linio linie lijn ligne
liquid likwa жидкость Flüssigkeit likvajxo liquidu(m) vloeistof liquid
loop, circuit, closed curve lup петля, замкнутая кривая Schlinge, Kreislauf masxo, cirkvito   kringloop spang
lump, clod, blob, piece of no
particular shape		 tuan ком, комок; сгусток Klumpen bulo lumpe bonk schtuk; grunz
mark (visible traces left behind) marka метка Spur spuro, marko marke merk mark
matter, material, substance materia; material материя, вещество;
материал		 Stoff, Materie materio, materialo materie stof, materie materia; material
object (concrete tangible thing) obyekta предмет Objekt ajxo, objekto objekte voorwerp object
opening, orifice ofnitura отверстие öffnung aperturo aperture opening ghyanen, orifice
oval, ellipse oval овал, эллипс Oval ovalo, elipso oval(i) [aj] {n is probably "ovale," but not given}, elipse ovaal, eirond oval
parallel [aj] paralele параллельный parallel paralela paralel(i) evenwijdig, parallel parallel
paste (any thick soft
dough-like material)		 pasta паста Paste, Brei, Teig pasto, kremajxo paste deeg, stijfsel paste, doigh
pattern (apparent systematic
interrelationship)		 model образец Muster modelo   patroon, dessin model
pile, heap, stack of things or
of a substance		 monton куча, груда Haufen amaso amase hoop kowp
plane (flat surface) plana плоскость Ebene, Fläche ebenajxo, platajxo planu(m) vlak plan, plieske
plug, seal, stopper stoper затычка Pfropfen, Stöpsel sxtopilo tampone prop stopper, corc
powder puda порошок Pulver pulvoro pulvre poeder pulver
pyramid piramida пирамида Pyramide piramido piramide piramide pyramide
ray ray луч Strahl radio radie straal strehl; speic
rectangle rektangula прямоугольник Rechteck rektangulo rektangule rechthoek rectangle
ring, torus halka кольцо Ring ringo ringe ring ring
rust, corrosion ruja ржавчина Rost, ätzen rusto ruste roest rust
scratch skrapa царапина Kratzer gratajxo grata schram grobos
sheath dan ножны Scheide ingo   schede kardkasch
sheet (thin rectangle of
paper/cloth/etc.)		 lif лист Laken lameno, folio lame (metal) laken schid
shower, sprinkle dush душ Schauer, Dusche dusxo, pluveto   douche, bui dusch, vehrs
smoke fum дым Rauch fumo fume rook dum
solid (not a gas or liquid) twerdika твёрдое тело Körper solidajxo solid(i) [aj] {n is probably "solide," but not given}   solid
sphere sfera, globa сфера, шар Kugel, Sphäre sfero sfere sfeer sphere
spike, barb, cleat, thorn spika шип; острый выступ,
колючка		 Stachel, Spitze, Dorn pikilo, dorno spike, dorne weerhaak, doorn, stekel ak
spiral, whorl spiral спираль Spirale, Wirbel spiralo, kirlajxo   spiraal spiral
square kwadra квадрат Quadrat, Viereck kvadrato quadrate vierkant quadrat
stripe stripa полоса Streifen strio strie streep strei
surface surfas поверхность Oberfläche suprajxo, surfaco surfase oppervlakte surface
swelling, inflation puhlika припухлость, вздутие Schwellung sxvelajxo inflatione gezwel engu
tapered (becoming narrower
toward an end) [aj]		 kel fa-tange клиновидный,
сходящий на конус		 spitz zulaufen [v] malvastigxo, mallargxigxajxo   tapsheid dospic(-t/-en)
thread, filament filu нить Faden, Faser fadeno file garen siuol, filament
triangle triangula треугольник Dreieck triangulo   driehoek triangle
wave onda волна Welle ondo onde golf voln
wedge kunya клин Keil kojno kunee wig wogwn
wrinkle, crease ruga складка, морщина Runzel falto, sulketo ruge rimpel, plooi raug
MATTER-RELATED QUALITIES
flat, planar [aj] plate плоский flach, platt plata plan(i) vlak plat
level, even (on the same level)
[aj]		 plane ровный eben, waagerecht ebena plan(i) vlak, waterpas aykwost
               
smooth [aj] glate гладкий glatt glata glati glad sliv, glat
rough, coarse, contra-smooth [aj] karke шероховатый,
шершавый, грубый		 rauh, grob malglata rud(i) ruw rug
               
straight (not bent) [aj] rekte прямой gerade rekta rekt(i) recht rect
bent [aj] kurve кривой gebeugt malrekta, kurbigita curvi [= curved, bent] gebogen kehmb
               
pure, unadulterated,
uncontaminated [aj]		 pure чистый, без примесей rein pura pur(i) zuiver pur
clean [aj] klin чистый sauber pura, neta   schoon kiest
dirty, contra-clean [aj] gande грязный schmutzig malpura sordid(i) vuil murdar
               
open (not shut) [aj] ofni-ney открытый geöffnet malfermita, nefermita, aperta aperti open ghyan(-t/-en)
closed, shut [aj] klosi-ney закрытый verschliessen fermita klosat(i) gesloten clus/cluden
               
wet [aj] mokre мокрый nass malseka   nat madh
dry [aj] suhe сухой trocken seka sik(i) droog siuk
               
sharp, keen, pointy, acute [aj] agude острый scharf akra, akuta akut(i) scherp ak(ut)
dull, blunt (of little sharpness) [aj] tupe тупой stumpf malakra, malakuta obtus(i) stomp stup
               
soft, malleable, yielding to
pressure [aj]		 mole мягкий weich, hämmerbar mola mol(i) zacht mol
hard, firm, resistant to
pressure [aj]		 twerde твёрдый hart, fest malmola, dura solid(i) hard kaurd
               
flexible (easily able to bend) [aj] flexibile гибкий, гнущийся biegsam fleksebla, nerigida flektindi {*} buigzaam, soepel flexible
stiff, rigid [aj] rigide жёсткий, негнущийся starr, steif rigida, nefleksebla rigid(i) stijf stip, rigid
elastic (able to regain
shape/size after deformation) [aj]		 elastike эластичный elastisch, spannkräftig elasta elasti elastisch, rekbaar elastic
               
durable, resilient, robust,
strong (in this sense) [aj]		 masbute крепкий, прочный dauerhaft fortika robusti duurzaam, fors, robuust durable
fragile, delicate [aj] ruptishil хрупкий zerbrechlich malfortika, rompema, delikata frajil broos fragil
               
weight (degree of heaviness or
lightness)		 vega вес Gewicht pezeco pondero gewicht vyige
heavy (of much weight) [aj] grave тяжёлый schwer peza grav(i) zwaar gwaur
light (of little weight) [aj] leve лёгкий leicht malpeza lejer(i) licht legv
               
solid (contra-hollow) [aj] sin holika, nohole цельный, сплошной ganz, voll senkava     plen
hollow [aj] hole полый hohl kava   hol kaul
               
snug (just large enough to
contain X), tight (in this sense) [aj]		 kel fiti hao облегающий,
обтягивающий		 eng angeschmiegt malloza, strikta streti {?} nauwsluitend chifit
loose (contra-snug), baggy [aj] tro chaure мешковатый,
просторный		 locker loza, malstrikta ampli {?} flodderig slu(-t/-n)
               
taut, tight, tense, strained [aj] tensi-ney тугой, натянутый straff strecxita tenset strak tens
loose (contra-taut), slack [aj] laxe расслабленный,
нестянутый, вялый		 schlaff malstrecxita laxi los slemb
               
viscous, thick (of high viscosity) [aj] viskose вязкий, тягучий zähflüssig viskoza   kleverig, taai, viskeus viskeus
runny, thin (of little viscosity) [aj] akwish водянистый wässrig fluema, malviskoza     gauta
MATTER-RELATED ACTIONS AND PROCESSES
absorb [v] absorbi впитывать,
адсорбировать		 aufsaugen sorbi absorba opnemen, absorberen,
opzuigen		 absorb
adhere (hold tightly to /
stick to something) [v]		 lipi, klingi прилипать, приставать;
цепляться		 haften an algluigxi adhese aankleven, vasthouden adglehmer
beat (repeatedly hit), batter [v] bati бить schlagen, prügeln batadi bata slaan bat
blow (move/cause to move as
a current of gas) [v]		 fuki дуть blasen, wehen blovi sufla blazen blah
boil [v] buli кипеть, кипятить sieden boli [vi], boligi [vt] bolia koken yehs
bounce, rebound [v] risalti отскакивать abprallen desalti   stuiteren antskand
break (into pieces) [v] rupti разбить (на части) brechen, zerbrechen rompi, rompigxi, frakasi rupte, breche breken rumep
build (join materials to create),
construct [v]		 bildi строить bauen konstrui konstrukte {?} bouwen strug
burn [v] jal гореть; жечь brennen bruli [vi], bruligi [vt] brula, insendia branden brand
burst [v] bangi лопнуть, треснуть,
разорваться		 bersten krevi [vi] kreva barsten sprehng
consume, deplete, expend,
exhaust, use up [v]		 spendi, konsumi расходовать, потреблять verbrauchen elcxerpi, konsumi konsuma, spenda verbruiken,
consumeren		 consump
contain [v] konteni содержать enthalten enhavi kontena, inkluse bevatten mathmoun
crush (press on so as to
break or re-shape) [v]		 krashi раздавить, задавить quetschen frakasi, pisti, premegi komprese {?} verpletteren treud
cut [v] kati резать schneiden trancxi seka snijden (s)kehrz
dig [v] kavi копать, рыть graben fosi   graven (s)kav
dissolve [v] solvi растворять(ся) auflösen solvi [vt], solvigxi [vi] dis(s)olu oplossen dissolv
evaporate [v] vapori испарять(ся) verdunsten vaporigxi vaporeska [vn], vaporisa [vt] verdampen absteum
explode [v] explosi взрывать(ся) explodieren eksplodi [vi] explose exploderen, ontploffen explod
float [v] floti держаться на воде flössen flosi flota drijven flott
flow (travel in a current) [v] flui течь fliessen, strömen flui flua stromen, vloeien sreu
fold [v] pligi складывать, сгибать falten faldi [vt]   vouwen, plooien plehc, klehng
freeze [v] frosti заморозить gefrieren frosti, glaciigxi frosta bevriezen frehs
grind [v] meli молоть mahlen mueli, grinci mila malen mehl
hang, suspend, dangle [v] pendi висеть, вешать hangen pendi, pendigxi penda hangen [vi],
ophangen [vt]		 pend, hang
hit, strike [v] darbi ударить schlagen frapi frapa treffen, raken hei, plag
melt [v] fa-likwe таять schmeltzen fandi, fandigxi fuse smelten smehld
mix, blend [v] mixi смешивать mischen miksi mixa mengen, mixen mix, bland
pollute, contaminate [v] mah-gande загрязнять beschmutzen polucii, polui polu vervuilen, besmetten pollue, contamine
pour (cause to flow) [v] liti лить giessen versxi, elversxi versa gieten gheu, vehrs
preserve, maintain (keep X in
good condition) [v]		 preservi сохранять, сберегать konservieren konservi [vt] preserva conserveren, behoeden preserve
press (do pressure to; push
upon with weight or force) [v]		 presi давить, жать drucken premi prese drukken pressem, waurg
pry {British: prize} (raise/open
/move with a lever) [v]		 drangi поднимать рычагом mit Hebel heben prizi   openbreken drangh
pull (draw something toward
oneself) [v]		 tiri тянуть, тащить ziehen tiri, altiri tira trekken trag
push (press on something in
order to move it) [v]		 pushi толкать schieben pusxi [vt] pusha duwen,
stooten {archaic}		 pulg, pusc
rot, decay [v] putrifi гнить verfaulen, vermodern putri putri rotten, vergaan saup
rub, abrade [v] frikti тереть reiben froti, abrazii [vt] frota wrijven ghneih, tyehr
sew [v] suti шить nähen kudri suta naaien syuh
shake [v] sheiki, tremi трясти(сь); дрожать schütteln skui [vt], skuigxi, tremi [vi] trembla schudden (oi)scutt
shoot (cause to rapidly go forth) [v] shuti стрелять schiessen pafi, peli   schieten strehl
sink [v] sinki погружаться sinken subakvigxi, subakvigi, sinki sinka zinken sehnk
spill (accidentally emit liquid) [v] misliti пролить (мимо), разлить vergiessen misversxi   morsen sinekw
spread (begin to cover or
cause X to cover more area) [v]		 extendi расширить,
распространить		 ausdehnen, aufstreichen disvastigi [vt]   verspreiden, uitsmeren extend, spehr
stab, jab [v] piki вонзать stechen piki [vt]   steken dyehgw
stir, agitate [v] muvi-mixi, sheiki размешивать;
взбалтывать		 umrühren kirli [vt] agita roeren sreht
suck [v] suki сосать saugen sucxi   zuigen seug
sweep [v] brumi подметать fegen balai [vt] balaya vegen firsche
tear, rip [v] tori рвать, разрывать zerreissen sxiri [vt]   scheuren dehr
tie, bind [v] ligi связывать binden, verbinden bindi, ligi liga binden behnd
trim, prune (cut off ragged
edges) [v]		 kati подрезать, подстригать stutzen, beschneiden tondi [vt] talia bijknippen behrd
wash [v] woshi мыть; стирать waschen lavi, purigi [vt] lava wassen lav
weave [v] texi ткать, плести weben teksi [vt] texa weven wehbh
wrap [v] kuti заворачивать,
обёртывать, закутывать		 wickeln volvi, envolvi, vindi envelopa {?} inpakken veulbh
MISC. MATTER/ENERGY TERMS
acid(ic) [aj] suan кислый, кислотный sauer acida asidi zuur acid
alkaline [aj] alkali-ney щелочной alkalisch alkala alkali alkalisch alkalin
atom atom атом Atom atomo atome atoom atom
balance, equilibrium balansa равновесие Gleichgewicht ekvilibro equilibre evenwicht tula ; equiliber
basis, foundation (part which
supports the rest)		 basa, fundamenta основание Grundlage bazo, fundamento fondatione grondslag, basis sul
electricity elektritaa электричество Elektrizität elektro elektreso elektriciteit electricitat
energy energia энергия Energie energio energie energie energia
fire agni огонь Feuer fajro faire {in abstract},
insendie {= conflagration}		 vuur ogwn, piurn
force forsa сила Kraft forto forse kracht force
gravity gravita гравитация Schwerkraft gravito, pezoforto gravitatione zwaartekracht gravitat
magnet magnet магнит Magnet magneto magnete magneet magnet
molecule molekula молекула Molekül molekulo molekule molekuul, molecule molecule
power mahta, potensia сила, мощность Macht, Leistung potenco, povo potenteso kracht, macht stieure
smell, odor, aroma fauha, aroma запах, аромат Duft odoro, aromo odoro, aromate reuk odor, arome
stroke, jolt, blow of force darba удар Schlag bato, frapo   slag cutt
vacuum vakum вакуум Vakuum vakuo vakuu(m) vacuum, het luchtledige vacuum
vapor, mist vapor пар Dunst, Dampf vaporo, nebulajxo vapore damp, nevel, mist vapor, mighel
               
polarity (electric, magnetic, etc.) polaritaa полярность Polarität poluseco polaritate {*} polariteit polaritat
positive [aj] positive позитивный Positiv pozitiva positiv(i) positief positive
negative [aj] negative негативный Negativ negativa negativ(i) negatief negative
               
gentle, mild [aj] mule кроткий, мягкий sanft, mild milda, afabla {klementi = clement, merciful, lenient} zacht mild
violent, harsh [aj]   неистовый, сильный,
интенсивный		 gewaltsam perfort(em)a, malafabla violent(i) geweldig violent
LIGHT LUMA СВЕТ
see [v] vidi видеть sehen vidi vida zien vid
               
light (visible electro-magnetic
radiation)		 luma свет Licht lumo lume licht luce
color kolor цвет Farbe koloro kolore kleur color
shadow, shade shada тень Schatten ombro ombre schaduw skadh
shine (radiate light) [v] brili сиять, светить scheinen brili luma schijnen bleig
picture, image imaja, piktura образ, картинка Bild bildo imaje beeld, plaatje image, kwiter
               
bright (with much light present) [aj] yarke яркий hell brila, hela, luma lumosi helder bert, bleigu
dark, dim (with little light present) [aj] tume тёмный dunkel malhela obskur(i) donker deusk
               
black [aj] swate чёрный schwartz nigra nigri zwart sword
gray {British: grey} [aj] grey серый grau griza gris(i) grijs greis
white [aj] blan белый weiss blanka blanki wit albh
red [aj] rude красный rot rugxa red(i) rood rudh
orange (having a hue between
red and yellow) [aj]		 oranje оранжевый orange orangxkolora   oranje orange
yellow [aj] hwan жёлтый gelb flava gelbi geel gehlb
green [aj] grin зелёный grün verda verdi groen glend
blue [aj] blu синий blau blua blu(i) blauw blou
purple [aj] violete фиолетовый purpurrot purpura purpri paars, purper purpwr, violett
brown [aj] brun коричневый braun bruna brun(i) bruin brun
               
beautiful [aj] jamile красивый schön bela bel(i) mooi bell
ugly [aj] kurupe уродливый hässlich malbela led(i) leelijk biaur
ornament, decoration ornamenta орнамент Schmuck ornamajxo, dekorajxo ornamente, ornilo sieraad ornament, decoration
blemish, blot spota пятно Fleck, Makel makulo makule vlek gloi
               
hide, conceal [v] ahfi скрывать, прятать verstecken kasxi [vt] kasha verbergen kehl
reveal, disclose [v] reveli обнаруживать offenbaren malkasxi revela openbaren revele
examine, inspect [v] examini рассматривать prüfen kontroli, ekzameni, inspekti examina onderzoeken chehx
show, exhibit, display [v] diki показывать zeigen montri, vidigi, ekspozicii montra toonen deik
SOUND SUON ЗВУК
sound (audible waves in the air) suon звук Laut sono suone geluid swon
silent [aj] silensa молчание Stillschweigen silento silentio zwijgend, geruisloos silent
quiet, soft, faint (of little sonic
intensity) [aj]		 kyete тихий ruhig kvieta, mallau~ta quiet(i) zacht, niet luid taws
loud (of much sonic intensity)
[aj]		 laute громкий laut lau~ta laut(i) luid bloskic
               
hear [v] audi слышать hören au~di audi hooren aur
music musika музыка Musik muziko musike muziek music
tone, pitch (frequency of
sound waves)		 ton тон Tonhöhe tono, picxo tone toon ton
whistle [v] wisli свистеть pfeifen fajfi sifla fluiten sweih
HEAT GARMITAA ТЕПЛОТА
temperature (relative amount
of heat present)		 temperatura температура Temperature temperaturo temperature temperatuur temperature
heat, warmth garmitaa теплота Wärme varmo kalore, varmeso warmte wierme
cold, chilly, frigid [aj] lenge холодный kalt malvarma, frida koldi koud srig
cool [aj] lenge-ki прохладный kühl malvarmeta koldeti koel khuld
warm [aj] warme тёплый warm varma varm(i) warm warm
hot [aj] garme горячий hitzig varmega varmisi heet gvrensic
               
bake (cook or harden by
means of dry heat) [v]		 peki печь, выпекать backen baki baka bakken bauk
cook (prepare by applying heat) [v] kuki готовить, варить kochen kuiri koqua koken coc
ASSORTED ABSTRACT CONCEPTS
happen, occur [v] eventi происходить geschehen okazi eventa gebeuren wakye
accident (unintentional and
unexpected event)		 kasu,
aksidenta (buhao)		 случай,
несчастный случай		 Unfall, Zufall hazardo (a chance occurence)
akcidento (harmful chance occurence)		 aksidente toeval accident
miracle mirakla чудо Wunder miraklo mirakle wonderwerk, mirakel miracle, kyudos
disaster, catastrophe disasta, katastrofa бедствие, катастрофа Unheil, Katastrophe katastrofo disastre, katastrofe ramp, catastrofe desaster, catastrophe
act, deed akta действие, деяние Tat ago, faro akto daad act
activity, bustle, ado aktivitaa деятельность Tätigkeit aktiveco, agado activeso, aktivitate {*} actie, handeling acitivitat
result, consequence resulta, sekwitura результат, следствие Folge, Ergebnis rezulto, sekvo resulte gevolg resultat, consequence
               
agree [v] konsenti соглашаться Uebereinstimmung konsenti konsento {?} overeenstemming,
akkoord		 samstehm
fight, combat [v] batali, luchi биться, сражаться,
бороться		 kämpfen batali, barakti, lukti, militi kombata, lukta vechten combat, katue
               
protect, defend [v] defensi защищать schützen protekti, defendi protekte beschermen defend
attack [v] ataki атаковать angreifen ataki ataka aanvallen attaque
               
good [aj] hao хороший gut bona bon(i) goed weus-
bad [aj] bade плохой schlecht malbona mal(i) slecht dus-
               
category, classification kategoria категория Kategorie kategorio, klasado kategorie categorie categorie
kind, sort, type, variety (of...) sorta, tip сорт, вид, тип Art speco sorte, tipe, varietate soort sorte, genos, type
               
certain, sure [aj] serte; sigure;
zaruu-ney		 уверенный;
непременный		 sicher certa; nepra serti zeker yakin, wassic
probable (likely to happen/be) [aj] probable вероятный wahrscheinlich probabla probabli waarschijnlijk probable
               
cooperate, collaborate [v] ko-operati, kogun кооперироваться,
сотрудничать		 mitwirken kunlabori koopera, ko-labora samenwerken coopere, collabore
compete, strive, vie [v] kompeti, konkuri соревноваться;
конкурировать		 konkurrieren konkurenci konkura mededingen spehrd; concurrence
               
help, assist, aid [v] helpi помогать helfen helpi [vt] helpa helpen hehlp
interfere, hinder [v] impedi мешать, сдерживать,
препятствовать		 hindern malhelpi [vt] hindra hinderen stamebh, kyehm
               
succeed [v] fai sukses удаваться Erfolg haben sukcesi [vi] suksese gelukken kamyab
fail [v] fali, fai fiasko не удаваться versagen malsukcesi [vi]   ontbreken, mislukken deuys
               
simple [aj] simple простой einfach simpla, malkompleksa,
malkomplika		 simpli eenvoudig simple
complex [aj] komplike сложный kompliziert kompleksa, komplika,
malsimpla		 komplexi ingewikkeld complexe
               
condition, state, status stasa состояние Zustand stato, kondicxo stando toestand stand
               
create, make (bring into
existence) [v]		 kreati создавать schaffen krei, estigi [vt] krea scheppen cree
destroy (contra-create;
cause to cease existing) [v]		 destrukti разрушать zerstören, vernichten detrui, malkrei destrukte vernielen destrug
               
safety, security anchuntaa безопасность Sicherheit sekureco sekureso veiligheid salvtat, securitat
danger (situation in which
harm is probable)		 danja опасность Gefahr dangxero danjere gevaar danger
               
easy [aj] fasile лёгкий, простой leicht facila fasil(i) gemakkelijk facil
difficult, hard [aj] mushkile трудный schwierig malfacila desfasil(i) moeilijk difficil
               
true [aj] vere настоящий, истинный wahr vera veri waar ver
false, untrue [aj] false ложный falsch malvera, falsa falsi valsch fals
               
famous [aj] fama-ney знаменитый berühmt fama, famekonata famosi beroemd maschour
obscure, unheard of [aj] bukoni-ney неизвестный obskur nekonata obskur(i) obscuur obscure
               
injure, damage, harm [v] nuksani, damaji вредить, повреждать verletzen, schädigen damagxi, difekti, vundi [vt] damaja beschadigen veurn, sauk, harm
repair, fix [v] repari чинить, ремонтировать reparieren, ausbessern ripari [vt] repara repareren repare
               
flaw, defect, imperfection defekta изъян, дефект Fehler difekto, malperfektajxo defekte fout, gebrek, vlek defect
               
native (naturally belonging to
a given realm) [aj]		 janma- родной, врождённый,
прирождённый		 eingeboren indigxena, denaska indijen(i) {?} inheems walsk
               
chief, main,
primary, principal [aj]		 shefe, prime главный, первейший,
важнейший		 Haupt-, Ober-, primär cxefa chefi, prim(i), primari voornaamste, hoofd- magn
auxiliary [aj] helpa- вспомогательный Hilfs- [pfx] helpa, kroma auxiliari hulp- [pfx] hehlp-, auxiliar
               
normal, ordinary, usual [aj] normale, pinchan нормальный, привычный normal, gewöhnlich ordinara, normala, kutima normal, ordinar(i), tipal,
tipari, tipi		 gewoon normal, ordinar, adiy
strange, weird, unusual,
peculiar [aj]		 strane странный, необычный ungewöhnlich neordinara, stranga, nekutima stranji eigenaardig stragn
               
trouble, difficulty mushkila, problema беда, затруднение Schwierigkeit malfacilajxo trublo {*} moeite trouble, difficultat
               
real, actual [aj] reale реальный wirklich, echt reala, efektiva real werkelijk real
trick, chicanery truk уловка, увёртка Schlich, Trick trumpo, ruzo, truko   truc trick, schicane
               
right, correct [aj] prave правильный richtig gxusta korekti juist (cor)rect
wrong, incorrect [aj] noprave неправильный falsch malgxusta, erara deskorekti {*} verkeerd ghaw
               
reside, dwell, live [v] habiti жить, проживать wohnen logxi [vi] resida wonen, resideren resid, weik, gwiv,
habite
camp, bivouac, temporary
shelter		 kampa лагерь Lager tendumejo, kampadejo, bivakejo bivake kamp camp, waun
nest, den, lair (an animal's
self-made house)		 nesta; lagilok гнездо; берлога Nest, Höhle nesto, kusxejo, bestologxejo neste nest, leger (v. dier) nest; ten; laz
               
represent (act as a substitute
for) [v]		 representi представлять vertreten reprezenti, anstatau~i [vt] representa voorstellen represente
substitute, surrogate
(temporary replacement)		 substitut субститут, суррогат Stellvertreter provizora anstatau~ajxo,
anstatau~anto		 substitute (-o, -a) substituut, surrogaat substitut
replacement (permanent
substitute/substitution)		 replasa замена Ersatz porcxiama anstatau~ajxo,
anstatau~ulo		 remplasere {*} vervanging taysa
               
common, general (shared by
all members of a group) [aj]		 komune общий allgemein, gemeinsam komuna komun(i) gemeen commun
specific, special, particular [aj] spesiale специальный, частный besonder, einzeln specifa, aparta special, partikulari bijzonder special
               
ability, capacity (to do
something)		 kapablitaa способность Fähigkeit kapablo, povo kapableso, kapablitate {*} bekwaamheid makdour
artificial (deliberately made
by humans) [aj]		 jengun-ney искусственный künstlich artefarita, homfarita artifisial kunstmatig artificial
automatic [aj] automatike автоматический automatisch au~tomata automati {*} automatisch automatic
chance, randomicity, luck shansa шанс Zufall sxanco chanse kans chance
civilization sivilisasion цивилизация Zivilisation civilizo, civilizacio sivilisation beschaving civilisation
clear, plain (easy to see/
understand) [aj]		 klare ясный klar klara, evidenta klar(i) klaar clar
compromise kompromis компромисс Kompromiss kompromiso kompromise compromis compromiss
consist of, be composed of [v] komponi aus состоять из bestehen aus konsisti el konsista ek bestaan in consist ex
depend on, rely on [v] dependi fon зависеть от abhängen von dependi de dependa afhangen van depend ud
deserve, merit, be worthy of [v] meriti заслуживать,
быть достойным		 verdienen meriti [vt] merita verdienen stahal
detail detal деталь Detail detal(ajx)o detale detail detayl
equal [aj] egale равный gleich egala egal(i) gelijk egal
evil [aj] bade злой, порочный übel malbon(eg)a mal(i) {might use 'malisi'} kwaad, boos khiter
exact, precise [aj] exakte точный genau preciza, ekzakta exakti, presis(i), akurat(i) nauwkeurig exact
example, sample exampla пример Beispiel ekzemplo, specimeno exemple voorbeeld exempel
exercise, practice (effort
made to improve skills/health)		 tamrin упражнение übung, Bewegung ekzerc(ad)o praktiso {?} oefenen exercice, kasra
experiment experimenta эксперимент Versuch eksperimento experimente experiment experiment
fertile [aj] frutishil плодородный fruchtbar fekunda fertil(i) vruchtbaar  
harmony (pleasing
combination of stimuli)		 harmonia гармония Harmonie harmonio harmonie harmonie harmonia
just, fair, equitable [aj] juste справедливый gerecht justa justi rechtvaardig prabh, ieust
method, manner, way (of
doing), technique		 metoda метод Methode metodo, maniero metode methode methode
mutual, reciprocal [aj] mutuale взаимный gegenseitig reciproka mutual wederzijdsch mutual
naked, nude, exposed
(without the usual cover) [aj]		 nude нагой nackt nuda, senkovra nud(i) naakt nogw
necessary, needed, required [aj] nesese необходимый notwendig, erforderlich necesa, bezonata nesesar(i) noodig necessar
need, require [v] nidi нуждаться benötigen, erfordern bezoni [vt] besona noodig hebben naudh
possible (able to happen or
be done) [aj]		 posible возможный möglich ebla posibli mogelijk possible
prevent (keep from happening) [v] preventi предотвращать verhindern malebligi [vt] prevente verhinderen preven
process, procedure proses процесс Verfahren, Prozess procedo, procezo prosedo procede proceddure
program programa программа Programm programo programe program programme
progress, advancement progres прогресс Fortschritt progreso progreso vordering progress
project, undertaking, venture proyekta проект Project projekto projete project, ontwerp project
proof, evidence pruva доказательство Beweis pruv(ajx)o pruvo bewijs pruv
quality, trait, attribute,
characteristic		 kwalitaa качество Charakterzug kvalito, eco qualitate eigenschap qualitat, kweit(u)
ready, prepared for a task /
event [aj]		 tayar готовый fertig preta, preparita pronti bereid parat
relationship, association relata отношение Beziehung rilato relato verwantschap relation
right (a right to do/be ...) raita право Recht rajto jure recht rect
role (an individual's function) ruola роль Rolle rolo role rol rol
save, rescue [v] salvi спасать retten savi [vt] salva redden salv
species spesia вид, порода Gattung specio spesie soort spece
suitable, proper, fit(ting),
appropriate [aj]		 godi-she подходящий geeignet tau~ga, konvena apti passend dohbro
system sistema система System sistemo sisteme systeem systeme
task, chore, job, assignment taska задача Aufgabe tasko taske taak task
technology teknologia технология Technologie teknologio, teh^niko teknologia technologie technologia
tendency, propensity,
inclination		 tendensia тенденция Tendenz emo, tendenco tendentie neiging tendence
try, attempt, endeavor [v] trai стараться versuchen provi, peni   streven, beproeven peit
use, utilize [v] yusi,
utilisi		 использовать,
воспользоваться		 gebrauchen, benutzen uzi, utiligi [vt] usa gebruiken neud, use
vogue, trend, fad, fashion moda мода Mode modo, fasono mode mode mode
waste, misuse [v] vanisi тратить зря, транжирить verschwenden malsxpari, misuzi [vt] misusa verkwisten wazd
wild, feral, untamed [aj] savaje дикий wild sovagxa sovaji wild wild, gver
work, effort, labor, toil gunsa работа Arbeit laboro laboro werk orbat
riot rebela бунт Aufruhr tumulto rebelion oproer oisstand
science vigyan наука Wissenschaft scienco sientie wetenschap science
serve (provide service to) [v] servi служить dienen servi [vt] serva dienen serve
set (complete group of
similar items)		 seta набор Satz, Garnitur aro {kolektione?}   cheschite
strike (work stoppage as
protest)		 gunstopa забастовка Streik striko strike staking strayk
support [v] suporti поддерживать stützen subteni, apogi [vt] suporta ondersteunen stehm
test, check [v] testi испытывать,
тестировать		 prüfen, probieren testi, ekzameni, kontroli [vt] testa toetsen teste
torture, torment [v] tormenti мучать foltern torturi, turmenti [vt] tortura, tormenta folteren torture, ganab
copyright
As this list closely follows Universal Language Dictionary (ULD) by Rick Harrison, non-private users should check the copyright issues at his page:
http://www.uld3.org/uld27/userguide.html