| CLASSIFIED WORD LIST | |||||||
| The present systematization largely follows that of Rick Harrison's Universal Language Dictionary (ULD) | |||||||
| (www.uld3.org/uld27/index.html) | |||||||
| Abbreviations | |||||||
| aj adjective | |||||||
| av adverb | |||||||
| pr preposition | |||||||
| pn pronoun | |||||||
| v verb | |||||||
| English | Lingwa de Planeta | Русский | Deutsch | Esperanto | Novial | Nederlands | Sambahsa |
| ADPOSITIONS | KONEKTI-PARTIKLA | ПРЕДЛОГИ | |||||
| about
(pertaining to; on the topic of) [pr] |
om | про, о(б) | von | pri | pri | betreffende, over | de |
| for (to benefit; destined for; for the purpose of) [pr] |
fo | для | für | por | por | voor, ten behoeve van | pro |
| because of, due to [pr] | por | из-за, потому что | wegen | pro, kau~ze de | pro | wegens | ob |
| by means of, via, per, with (using; through instrumentality of) [pr] |
bay | посредством | mit, mittels | per | per | door middel van, via, met behulp van |
med |
| for (in exchange for) [pr] | pur | за, в обмен на | für, in austausch für | por, kontrau~ | po | voor | po |
| of (owned by; belonging to; associated with; = genitive) [pr] |
de | von, [Genitiv] | de | de | van | os (is declined) | |
| of (containing the measured quantity: "two liters of water") [pr] |
(de) | von | da | de | met | (nothing) | |
| to, towards, at (moving toward) [pr] | a, versu | к, по направлению к | nach, zu | al | a, vers | naar, tot, tegen | kye |
| in [pr] | in | в | in | en | in | in | in |
| from [pr] | fon | от, из, с | von | de | fro | van | ud |
| into, inwards [pr] | inu | в, внутрь | in... Hinein, ins Innere | enen | en | in , kyin | |
| out of, outwards [pr] | aus | из, наружу | aus, von | el | ek | ex | |
| inside, within [pr] | inen | внутри | innerhalb | ene | eni | ||
| outside of, exterior to [pr] | ausen | снаружи | aussen | ekster | exter | buiten | exter |
| above, over [pr] | sobre | над | ober, über | super | super | boven | super |
| under, below, beneath [pr] | sub | под | unter, unten | sub | sub | onder | sub |
| on (resting on; touching the top or other surface of) [pr] | on | на | auf | sur | sur | op | ep |
| near, close to [pr] | blisen | возле, около | bei, neben | proksime al | proxim | dichtbij, nabij | nieb ; claus |
| around, encircling, surrounding [pr] | sirkum | вокруг, кругом | um | cxirkau~ | sirk | rondom, rond, om | (per)ambh |
| at (in the same location as) [pr] | an, she | у, при | bei, mit, um | cxe | che | ad, bi | |
| through [pr] | tra | через | durch | tra | tra (across, through), trans (on the other side of) |
door | per |
| before, in front of (spatially) [pr] |
bifoo | перед | vor | antau~ | devan | voor | ant |
| behind, in back of, to the rear of [pr] |
baken | за, позади | hinter | malantau~ | hinter | achter | apter |
| between, inter-[pr] | inter | между | zwischen | inter | inter | tussen, inter- | inter |
| among, amidst [pr] | miden | среди, посреди | unter, mitten in | meze de | midu | ||
| before, prior to, earlier than [pr] | bifoo | перед | bevor | antau~ | ante | voor [pr], eer {archaic} | pre |
| after (later than; in the future of) [pr] |
afte | после | nach | post | after | na [pr] | pos |
| during [pr] | duran | в течение | während | dum [pr/cj] | durant | gedurende, tijdens | unte |
| instead of, rather than [pr] | inplas | вместо | dafür, anstatt | anstatau~ | insted | in plaats van | vice |
| except for, apart from, excluding [pr] |
exepte | кроме, исключая |
ausser, abgesehen von | krom | exept | behalve, afgezien van | except, ploisko |
| besides, in addition to | krome | помимо, сверх | ausser, zu... hinzu, überdies |
krom | krome | eti (adverb) | |
| with (accompanied by) [pr] | kun | с, вместе с | mit | kun | kun | met | con |
| without, with no ..., lacking [pr] | sin | без | ohne | sen | sin | zonder | aun |
| OTHER FUNCTION WORDS | OTRE GRAMATIKE WORDA | ||||||
| be
(intransitive predicative copula) [v] |
bi (bin, es, ve bi) | sein | esti | es | zijn | es | |
| exist [v] | existi | существовать | existieren | ekzisti | exista | bestaan | exist |
| become (begin to be; acquire the quality...) [v] |
fa- | становиться | werden | igxi | deveni | worden | bih |
| cause (induce something to be/happen) [v] |
kausi | вызывать, причинять | verursachen | kau~zi | fika | veroorzaken | cause |
| make, render (impart quality X to Y; e.g. "I make you happy") [v] | mah | cделать (каким-либо), привести в какое-либо состояние |
machen | igi | fika | maken | -eih (suffix) |
| do, perform, engage in (specified activity) [v] |
zwo | делать | machen, tun | fari | fa | doen | kwehr |
| have (possess / be furnished with) [v] |
hev | иметь | haben | havi, posedi | have | hebben, bezitten | hab |
| there is, available | ye | есть, имеется | es gibt | estas | ter est | ||
| there is no, not available | bu ye, yok | нет, не имеется | es gibt nicht [kein] | ne estas | ter ne est | ||
| can (is/are able to ...) [aux v pres] |
mog | мочь | kann, könen | povas | pove | kunnen | ghehd |
| should, ought to (is/are expected/advised to ...) [aux v pres] |
gai | следует, полагается | soll, sollen | devus | deve | dehlgiet, solliet | |
| be necessary, require | treba | надо, нужно | brauchen | necesas, bezone | tehrb | ||
| maybe, perhaps, possibly [av] | mogbi, shayad | может быть, наверно | vielleicht | eble | forsan, poves | misschien, mogelijk | maghses |
| this (demonstrative) [pn] | se | это | das, dies | tio cxi | dise | tod | |
| that (demonstrative) [pn] | to | то | das | tio | te, tum | dat | cid |
| this (demonstrative) [aj/pn] | sey | этот | dieser | cxi tiu | disi | deze [masc/fem], dit [neut] |
tod |
| that (demonstrative) [aj/pn] | toy | тот | jener | tiu | ti | cid (cio) | |
| and, plus [cj] | e | и | und | kaj | e | en | ed |
| but, however [cj] | bat | но | aber | sed | ma | maar | bet |
| if (on condition that...; supposing that...) [cj] |
si | если | wenn | se | si | als, indien | sei |
| or [cj] | o (oda) | или | oder | au~ | o | of | au |
| that (e.g. "I know that you are right") [cj] |
ke | что (относит.) | dass | ke | ke | dat | od |
| additionally, moreover [av] | yoshi | ещё, также, вдобавок | noch | plie, plue, ankorau~ | ankore | eti | |
| also, additionally, too [av] | toshi | тоже | auch | ankau~ | anke | ook | yaschi |
| here (in/to this place) [av] | hir, ahir | здесь, сюда | hier | cxi tie, cxi tien | hir, dislok | hier | her, hetro |
| there (at/to that place) [av] | dar, adar | там, туда | da | tie, tien | dar, tilok | daar | ter, tetro |
| apart, separately [av] | separem | отдельно | einzeln | aparte, dise | separatim | afzonderlijk, apart | seni, apart |
| only, solely, exclusively [av] | toka | только | nur | sole, ekskluzive | solim | alleen | tik |
| together [av] | tuhun | вместе | miteinander, zusammen | kune | junktim | samen | com |
| any (no particular one of) [aj] | eni | любой, какой бы то ни было |
jeder beliebige | ajna | irgi | enig, ieder | quodquid |
| every, each [aj] | kada | каждый | jeder | cxiu | chaki | ieder, elk | cada ; ielg |
| how? (in what manner?) [av] | komo | как | wie | kiel | quam | kam | |
| when? (at what time?) [av] | wan | когда | wenn | kiam | quand | wanneer | quan(do) |
| where? (at/to what place?) [av] | wo | где | wo | kie, kien | vor | waar | quer |
| why? (for what reason?) [av] | way | почему | warum | kial | pro quo | waarom | ma |
| like, similar to [cj] | kom | словно | wie | simila al | kom | zoals, als | kam |
| than, compared to [cj] | kem | чем | als, im Vergleich zu | ol [cj] | kam | dan | quem |
| not [av] | bu | не | nicht | ne | non | niet | ne |
| PEOPLE | JEN | ЛЮДИ | |||||
| person, human being | jen | человек | Person, Human, Mensch | homo | home | mens | anghen |
| baby, infant | bebi | дитя | Kind, Baby | bebo | infante (-o, -a) | zuigeling | baby |
| child | kinda | ребёнок | Kind | infano | kind | magv | |
| boy | boy | мальчик | Junge | knabo | puero | jongen | pwarn |
| girl | gela | девочка | Mädchen | knabino | puera | meisje | pieg |
| man (adult male person) | man | мужчина | Mann | viro | homo | man | wir |
| woman (adult female person) | gina | женщина | Frau | virino | homa, fema | vrouw | gwen(a) |
| family | familia | семья | Familie | familio | familie | familie | familia |
| father (dad) | patro (papa) | отец (папа) | Vater | patro | patro | vader | pater |
| mother (mommy) | mata (mama) | мать (мама) | Mutter | patrino | matra | moeder | mater |
| marriage (spousal relationship) | maria | супружество | Heirat | edzeco | mariteso | huwelijk | gham |
| husband | mursha | муж | Mann | edzo | marito | echtgenoot | mann |
| wife | molya | жена | Frau | edzino | marita | vrouw | esor, gvibh |
| son | son | сын | Sohn | filo | filio | zoon | son |
| daughter | docha | дочь | Tochter | filino | filia | dochter | dugter |
| brother | brata | брат | Bruder | frato | fratro | broer | brater |
| sister | sista | сестра | Schwester | fratino | fratra | zuster | swes(ter) |
| grandmother | granma | бабушка | Großmutter | avino | ava | grootmoeder | grandmater |
| grandfather | granpa | дедушка | Großvater | avo | avo | grootvader | grandpater |
| grandchild | kinkinda | внук/внучка | Kindeskind | nepote | kleinkind | grandpurt | |
| grandson | kinson | внук | Enkel | nepo | nepoto | kleinzoon | napter |
| granddaughter | kindocha | внучка | Enkelin | nepino | nepota | kleindochter | naptrice |
| chief, leader | shefa | начальник, шеф | Führer | estro | chefe | chef, hoofdman | chef |
| king | regus | король | König | regxo | rego | koning | roy |
| queen | regina | королева | Königin | regxino | rega | koningin | rayn |
| president | presidenta | президент | Präsident | prezidento | presidante | president | president |
| prime minister | shefminista | премьер-министр | Ministerpräsident | cxefministro | primi ministre (-o, -a) | minister-president | premier (minister) |
| dictator, tyrant | diktator, tiran | диктатор, тиран | Diktator, Tyrann | diktatoro, tirano | tirane (-o, -a) | dictator | dictator, tyrann |
| master, lord | masta | хозяин | Gebieter, Herr | majstro, lordo, mosxto | mastre (master), sinioro (lor | heer | mayster |
| slave | gulam | раб | Sklav | sklavo | sklave (-o, -a) | slaaf | sclav |
| soldier | soldat | солдат | Soldat | soldato | soldato | soldaat | soldat |
| ambassador | ambasador, sendijen | посол | Botschafter | ambasadoro, ambasedest | ambasadere | ambassadeur | ambassador |
| member (of group/organization) | yuan | член (группы) | Mitglied | ano | membre | lid | member |
| friend | amigo | друг | Freund | amiko | amike (-o, -a) | vriend | prient |
| enemy | enemigo | враг | Feind | malamiko | enemike | vijand | peind |
| TITLES | LATIFE NAMING | ВЕЖЛИВЫЕ ОБРАЩЕНИЯ | |||||
| Mister, Mr. | sinior | господин | Herr | sinjoro | sinioro | meneer | poti |
| Mrs. | madam | госпожа | Frau | sinjorino | siniorina | Mevrouw | potnia |
| Miss | mis | барышня | Fraülein | frau~lino | damsela | juffrouw | potnika |
| GROUPINGS OF PEOPLE | JEN GRUPA | ОБЪЕДИНЕНИЯ ЛЮДЕЙ | |||||
| people
(any group as a whole), folk |
jenta | люди | Leute, Menschen | homoj | homes | lieden | leuds |
| club, society (voluntary association re: a common interest) |
klub | клуб | Klub | klubo, asocio | klube | club, vereniging | club |
| committee (group appointed to do a task) |
komitee | комитет | Ausschuss, Komitee | komitato | komite | comite | comitee |
| community (individuals sharing space / culture) |
komunitaa | сообщество | Gemeinshaft, Gemeinde | komunumo | gemeenschap, bevolkingsgroep |
communitat | |
| culture (the customs and beliefs of a people) |
kultura | культура | Kultur | kulturo | kulture | cultuur | culture |
| individual (one considered separately from one's species) |
individuo | индивид | Individuum | unuopulo, individuo | individu | individu | individu |
| kin, clan | genta | род, этническая общность |
Gens | gento | genti | ||
| public | publika | публика | Publikum | publiko | publikum | publiek | public |
| the people (as in People's Republic) |
jenmin | народ | Volk | popolo | popule | volk | folk ; popule |
| race (group of people with similar characteristics) |
rasa | раса | Rasse | raso | rase | ras | race |
| team, crew, squad | tim | команда, группа | Mannschaft, Team | teamo | ploeg, groep, team | swoin | |
| BODY PARTS, SUBSTANCES | KORPO | ТЕЛО | |||||
| abdomen | duza | живот | Unterleib | abdomeno | abdomene | buik | abdomen |
| anus | anus | анус | After | anuso | anus | anus, pehzd | |
| arm (shoulder to hand) | braso | рука (до кисти) | Arm | brako | brakie {1928 version}, brase {1930 version} |
arm | brakh |
| back (dorsal area) | bey | спина | Rücken | dorso | dorse | rug | regv |
| beard | barba | борода | Bart | barbo | barbe | baard | berd |
| blood | hema | кровь | Blut | sango | sange | bloed | sehrg |
| body | korpo | тело | Körper | korpo | korpore | lichaam | corp(o)s |
| bone | osto | кость | Knochen, Bein | osto | ose | bot | ost |
| brain | brein | мозг | Hirn | cerbo | serebre | hersenen | kers |
| breast, mammary | mam | грудь (женская) | Busen | mamo | mame | borst | pizd |
| buttocks | popa | зад, ягодицы | Hinterbacken [plur] | gluteoj | kule | bil | cloins |
| cheek (side of face below eye) | wanga | щека | Backe | vango | vange | wang | gian |
| chest (upper front of torso) | sadra | грудь | Brust | brusto | pektore, bruste | borst | pect |
| chin | chibuk | подбородок | Kinn | mentono | mentone | kin | mantu |
| ear | aur | ухо | Ohr | orelo | orele | oor | aur |
| egg | ovo | яйцо | Ei | ovo | ove | ei | oiv |
| eye | oko | глаз | Auge | okulo | okule | oog | ok |
| eyelid | palak | веко | Lid | palpebro | ooglid | (ok)lid | |
| face | fas | лицо | Gesicht | vizagxo | fasie | gezicht | lige, face |
| feather | pluma | перо | Feder | plumo | plume | veer | ptor |
| feces, dung, excrement | fek | кал, экскременты | Mist, Dung | fekajxo | feke | ontlasting, faeces | kakwrnt |
| fetus (foetus), embryo | embrio | зародыш | Leibesfrucht | feto, embrio | fete, embrio | foetus | embryo |
| finger | finga | палец | Finger | fingro | fingre | vinger | fingher |
| fist | kulak | кулак | Faust | pugno | pugne | vuist | peungst |
| foot (on which something stands) | pyeda | стопа | Fuss | piedo | pede | voet | ped |
| forehead | frenta | лоб | Stirn | frunto | fronte | voorhoofd | chol, bruwent |
| gene | gen | ген | Gen | geno | gen | gene | |
| hair (a strand of fibrous material growing from the body) |
mao | шерсть | Haar | haro | pile | haar | drigh |
| hair (the hairs atop one's head thought of as a collective entity) |
har | волосы (на голове) | Haare | hararo | hare | haar | kays |
| hand | handa | кисть руки | Hand | mano | manu | hand | hand |
| head | kapo | голова | Kopf | kapo | kape | hoofd | |